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Jameson categorizes a variety of features of the postmodern. One is the elision of the distinction between high culture and mass culture. [156] Also, because of our loss of a unified "bourgeois ego", subjectivity is less focused, and we experience what he terms a "waning of the affect", an emotional disengagement from the social world. [157]
Postmodernity (post-modernity or the postmodern condition) is the economic or cultural state or condition of society which is said to exist after modernity. [nb 1] Some schools of thought hold that modernity ended in the late 20th century – in the 1980s or early 1990s – and that it was replaced by postmodernity, and still others would extend modernity to cover the developments denoted by ...
Postmodern philosophy is a philosophical movement that arose in the second half of the 20th century as a critical response to assumptions allegedly present in modernist philosophical ideas regarding culture, identity, history, or language that were developed during the 18th-century Age of Enlightenment.
Late 19th and early 20th century playwrights whose work influenced the aesthetics of postmodernism include August Strindberg, [9] Luigi Pirandello, [9] and Bertolt Brecht. [10] Another precursor to postmodernism was Dadaism , which challenged the authority of the artist and highlighted elements of chance, whim, parody, and irony. [ 11 ]
Postmodernism in music and literature began to take hold earlier. In music, postmodernism is described in one reference work as a "term introduced in the 1970s", [226] while in British literature, The Oxford Encyclopaedia of British Literature sees modernism "ceding its predominance to postmodernism" as early as 1939. [149]
The Story of Post-Modernism: Five Decades of the Ironic, Iconic and Critical in Architecture, published in 2011, was the last book by Charles Jencks. Jencks discusses the history of Post-modernism, especially in the fields of art and architecture during the last five decades (since 1960). [ 1 ]
The return to the traditional art forms of sculpture and painting in the late 1970s and early 1980s seen in the work of neo-expressionist artists such as Georg Baselitz and Julian Schnabel has been described as a postmodern tendency, [52] and one of the first coherent movements to emerge in the postmodern era. [53]
[nb 1] Some schools of thought hold that modernity ended in the late 20th century – in the 1980s or early 1990s – and that it was replaced by postmodernity, and still others would extend modernity to cover the developments denoted by postmodernity, while some believe that modernity ended sometime after World War II.