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By default, a Pandas index is a series of integers ascending from 0, similar to the indices of Python arrays. However, indices can use any NumPy data type, including floating point, timestamps, or strings. [4]: 112 Pandas' syntax for mapping index values to relevant data is the same syntax Python uses to map dictionary keys to values.
Later biblical citation indexes are in the order of the canonical text. These citation indices were used both for general and for legal study. The Talmudic citation index En Mishpat (1714) even included a symbol to indicate whether a Talmudic decision had been overridden, just as in the 19th-century Shepard's Citations.
Citation data is also the basis of the popular journal impact factor. There is a large body of literature on citation analysis, sometimes called scientometrics, a term invented by Vasily Nalimov, or more specifically bibliometrics. The field blossomed with the advent of the Science Citation Index, which
the Hirsch index for the citations received (H), the Schreiber co-authorship adjusted Hm index for the citations received (Hm). the total number of citations received to papers for which the scientist is single author (NCS), the total number of citations received to papers for which the scientist is single or first author (NCSF), and
L-index: L-index combines the number of citations, the number of coauthors, the age of publications into a single value, which is independent of the number of publications and conveniently ranges from 0.0 to 9.9. [32] With c as number of citations, a as number of authors and y as number of years, L-index is defined by the formula:
CompuMath Citation Index is an indexing service published by Thomson Reuters, and was first available in 1982 as an Institute for Scientific Information database. Coverage of the index included the literature pertaining to pure and applied mathematics, computer science, mathematical physics, econometrics, statistics, systems analysis, biometrics, psychometrics, and computer related medical fields.
At 1 byte per character, or 5 bytes per word, this would require 2500 gigabytes of storage space alone. [citation needed] This space requirement may be even larger for a fault-tolerant distributed storage architecture. Depending on the compression technique chosen, the index can be reduced to a fraction of this size.
In any given year, the CiteScore of a journal is the number of citations, received in that year and in previous three years, for documents published in the journal during the total period (four years), divided by the total number of published documents (articles, reviews, conference papers, book chapters, and data papers) in the journal during the same four-year period: [3]