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Progression of EIN to carcinoma, effectively a conversion from a benign neoplasm to a malignant neoplasm, is accomplished through acquisition of additional mutations and accompanied by a change in behavior characterized by the ability to invade local tissues and metastasize to regional and distant sites. Table I: Precancer Characteristics of EIN
The tumors had already spread throughout her abdomen, and doctors removed her uterus, cervix and both ovaries. “The tumors were extensive. They were on both ovaries, all over the uterus,” she ...
Ovarian tumors, or ovarian neoplasms, are tumors in the ovary. [1] Not all are ovarian cancer. [1] They consist of mainly solid tissue, while ovarian cysts contain fluid. [2]In 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) divided ovarian tumours as 90% epithelial, 3% germ cell, and 2% sex cord-stromal types.
Germ cell tumor accounts for about 30% of ovarian tumors, but only 5% of ovarian cancers, because most germ-cell tumors are teratomas and most teratomas are benign. Malignant teratomas tend to occur in older women, when one of the germ layers in the tumor develops into a squamous cell carcinoma . [ 26 ]
Brenner tumours are an uncommon subtype of the surface epithelial-stromal tumour group of ovarian neoplasms. The majority are benign, but some can be malignant. [1] They are most frequently found incidentally on pelvic examination or at laparotomy. [2] Brenner tumours very rarely can occur in other locations, including the testes. [3]
The ovarian fibroma, also fibroma, is a benign sex cord-stromal tumour. Ovarian fibromas represent 4% of all ovarian neoplasms. [1] They tend to occur mostly during perimenopause and postmenopause, the median age having been reported to be about 52 years, and they are rare in children. [1] Lesions tend to be asymptomatic.
Surgery is curative for benign tumors, and likely curative for other low grade tumors. Benign serous tumors include serous cystadenomas, cystadenofibromas, and adenofibromas. Benign and borderline serous tumours are commonly unilocular. Benign tumors contain clear fluid and have a smooth lining composed of columnar epithelial cells with cilia ...
Benign and borderline tumors are most common between the ages of 20 and 50 years. Malignant serous tumors occur later in life on average, although somewhat earlier in familial cases. 20% of benign, 30% of borderline, and 66% of malignant tumors are bilateral (affect both ovaries). Components can include: cystic areas; cystic and fibrous areas