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MDI canister and actuator components from H&T Presspart. A metered-dose inhaler consists of three major components: the canister, which is produced in aluminum or stainless steel by means of deep drawing, where the formulation resides; the metering valve, which allows a metered quantity of the formulation to be dispensed with each actuation; and an actuator (or mouthpiece) which enables the ...
Pulmonary drug delivery is a route of administration in which patients use an inhaler to inhale their medications and drugs are absorbed into the bloodstream via the lung mucous membrane. This technique is most commonly used in the treatment of lung diseases, for example, asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Salbutamol, also known as albuterol and sold under the brand name Ventolin among others, [1] is a medication that opens up the medium and large airways in the lungs. [8] It is a short-acting β 2 adrenergic receptor agonist that causes relaxation of airway smooth muscle . [ 8 ]
Fluticasone furoate/umeclidinium bromide/vilanterol is only available as an inhaler, which generally contains thirty doses (one-month supply) of medicated powder for inhalation (except in the case of, e.g., sample products from the manufacturer or those produced specifically for hospitals [institutional formulations], which contain 14 doses). [4]
In 1864, the first steam-driven nebulizer was invented in Germany. This inhaler, known as "Siegle's steam spray inhaler", used the Venturi principle to atomize liquid medication, and this was the very beginning of nebulizer therapy. The importance of droplet size was not yet understood, so the efficacy of this first device was unfortunately ...
There is an epinephrine metered-dose inhaler sold over the counter in the United States to relieve bronchial asthma. [67] [68] It was introduced in 1963 by Armstrong Pharmaceuticals. [69] A common concentration for epinephrine is 2.25% w/v epinephrine in solution, which contains 22.5 mg/mL, while a 1% solution is typically used for aerosolization.
A bronchodilator or broncholytic [1] (although the latter occasionally includes secretory inhibition as well) is a substance that dilates the bronchi and bronchioles, decreasing resistance in the respiratory airway and increasing airflow to the lungs.
A dry-powder inhaler (DPI) is a device that delivers medication to the lungs in the form of a dry powder. DPIs are commonly used to treat respiratory diseases such as asthma , bronchitis , emphysema and COPD although DPIs (such as inhalable insulin ) have also been used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus .