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Hives, also known as urticaria, is a kind of skin rash with red and/or flesh-colored, raised, itchy bumps. [1] Hives may burn or sting. [ 2 ] The patches of rash may appear on different body parts, [ 2 ] with variable duration from minutes to days, and do not leave any long-lasting skin change. [ 2 ]
If there is eczema, people generally have a history of atopy, be it personal or through family. The eruption is identified by pruritic erythematous lesions on flexural areas. Furthermore, other clinical differential diagnosis could be from drug eruptions, urticaria, or viral exanthems. [9]
Skeeter syndrome (papular urticaria) is a localized severe allergic reaction to mosquito bites, [1] consisting of inflammation, peeling skin, blistering, ulceration and sometimes fever. It is caused by allergenic polypeptides in mosquito saliva, and therefore is not contagious. [2]
Cholinergic urticaria typically presents with a number of small papular hives all over the body, that involve cutaneous inflammation (wheals) and severe nerve pain, which usually develops in response to exercise, bathing, staying in a heated environment, spicy foods, or emotional stress.
The term papular urticaria [4] is commonly used for a reaction to mosquito bites that is dominated by widely spread hives. Here, papular urticaria is regarded as a symptom of mosquito bite allergy manifested in individuals with one of the other mosquito bite allergies but particularly in those associated with eosinophilic cellulitis.
However, the understanding of urticaria as an autoimmune condition is a relatively recent development in medical history. [14] The term autoimmune urticaria refers to a subset of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) cases where the immune system appears to play a significant role. This understanding began to evolve in the mid to late 20th ...
Rodent mite bites leave multiple groups or individual small itchy papules (around 1–2 mm in diameter) [7] on the skin (papular urticaria). [ 9 ] [ 10 ] These are found mostly "on the upper extremities, neck, upper trunk and face".
Adrenergic urticaria is a skin condition characterized by an eruption consisting of small (1-5mm) red macules and papules with a pale halo, appearing within 10 to 15 min after emotional upset. [ 1 ] : 154 [ 2 ] There have been 10 cases described in medical literature, and involve a trigger (coffee, intense emotions) followed by a rise in ...