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In North America, the Toronto Police was founded in Canada in 1834, one of the first municipal police departments on that continent, followed by police forces in Montreal and Quebec City both founded in 1838. In the United States, the first organized police service was established in Boston in 1838, New York in 1844, and Philadelphia in 1854.
First attested in English in the early 15th century, originally in a range of senses encompassing '(public) policy; state; public order', the word police comes from Middle French police ('public order, administration, government'), [10] in turn from Latin politia, [11] which is the romanization of the Ancient Greek πολιτεία (politeia) 'citizenship, administration, civil polity'. [12]
Patrick Colquhoun (/ k ə ˈ h uː n / kə-HOON; 14 March 1745 – 25 April 1820) was a Scottish merchant, statistician, magistrate, and founder of the first regular preventive police force in England, the Thames River Police.
The advent of the police car, two-way radio, and telephone in the early 20th century transformed policing into a reactive strategy that focused on responding to calls for service. [48] In the 1920s, led by Berkeley, California police chief August Vollmer , police began to professionalize, adopt new technologies, and place emphasis on training ...
Nine police officers subduing a member of the public in Egypt. The first modern police force is widely regarded to be the Metropolitan Police Service in London, established in 1829. [4] However, some scholars argue that early forms of policing began in the Americas as early as the 1500s on plantation colonies in the Caribbean. [5]
In 1985, the first Women in Policing Conference was held. In 1987, Paula Berlinerman and Joan Clark were appointed as the first civilian women Civil Service Managers. In 1988, Mary Lowery became the first female police officer assigned to the Aviation Unit. In 1991, for the first time, the majority of the deputy commissioners were female.
Having more police did not necessarily lead to fewer crimes. Canady, who spent 25 years working as a police officer and 12 years working in schools before taking over as director of NASRO over five years ago, said he thinks school police officers are “totally necessary” — assuming they have finished specific NASRO training.
The London Marine Police Force is widely regarded [3] as being the first modern police force in the world, in the sense that they were not government controlled and were responsible for the prevention of crime. In its first year of operation 2,000 offenders were found guilty of theft from the docks.