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As mentioned above, when converting UTM coordinates to an MGRS grid reference, or when abbreviating an MGRS grid reference to lower precision, one should truncate the coordinates, not round. This has been controversial in the past, since the oldest specification, TM8358.1, [ 1 ] used rounding, as did GEOTRANS [ 4 ] before version 3.0.
A WKT format is defined to describe the operation methods and parameters used to convert or transform coordinates between two different coordinate reference systems. The WKT 1 and WKT 2 formats are incompatible regarding coordinate operations, because of differences in the modelling. [13]
In 1985, the Radio Society of Great Britain published a small set of BASIC language routines to convert from locator references to geographical coordinates (latitude and longitude) for further processing. [8] A complete program in BASIC called Universal Gridlocator was made available the following year by ARRL for a nominal cost of US$3. [9]
Blue Marble's first software product, the Geographic Calculator, [2] was developed in 1992 and released in 1993. The Geographic Calculator is a coordinate conversion library with a database of coordinate mathematical objects including projections, coordinate systems, datums, ellipsoids, linear and angular units. The tool is primarily used to ...
Military grid reference system, a variant of UTM designed to simplify transfer of coordinates. Modified transverse Mercator, a variation of UTM used in Canada with zones spaced 3° of longitude apart as opposed to UTM's 6°. Transverse Mercator projection, the map projection used by UTM.
Briefly, an example of a full USNG spatial address (grid reference) is: 18S UJ 23371 06519 (This example used by the FGDC is the full one-meter grid reference of the Jefferson Pier in Washington DC.) [10] This full form (15 characters) uniquely identifies a single one-meter grid square out of the entire surface of the earth.
Grid-based transformations directly convert map coordinates from one (map-projection, geodetic datum) pair to map coordinates of another (map-projection, geodetic datum) pair. An example is the NADCON method for transforming from the North American Datum (NAD) 1927 to the NAD 1983 datum. [ 26 ]
For example, in the Military Grid Reference System, the above coordinate is in grid 11U (representing UTM Zone 11 5xxxxxx mN), and grid cell NS within that (representing the second digit 5xxxxxmE x6xxxxxm N), and as many remaining digits as are needed are reported, yielding an MGRS grid reference of 11U NS 949 361 (or 11U NS 9493 3617 or 11U NS ...