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Biological dispersal can be correlated to population density. The range of variations of a species' location determines the expansion range. [6] Biological dispersal may be contrasted with geodispersal, which is the mixing of previously isolated populations (or whole biotas) following the erosion of geographic barriers to dispersal or gene flow.
In biogeography, geodispersal is the erosion of barriers to gene flow and biological dispersal (Lieberman, 2005.; [1] Albert and Crampton, 2010. [2]). Geodispersal differs from vicariance, which reduces gene flow through the creation of geographic barriers. [3]
A dispersal vector is an agent of biological dispersal that moves a dispersal unit, or organism, away from its birth population to another location or population in which the individual will reproduce. [1] [2] These dispersal units can range from pollen to seeds to fungi to entire organisms.
Dispersal may refer to: Biological dispersal, the movement of organisms away from aggregations of individuals such as movement from their birth site Dispersal vector, forces that carry seeds for plants; Oceanic dispersal, the movement of terrestrial organisms from one land mass to another by sea-crossing
Oceanic dispersal is a type of biological dispersal that occurs when terrestrial organisms transfer from one land mass to another by way of a sea crossing. Island hopping is the crossing of an ocean by a series of shorter journeys between islands, as opposed to a single journey directly to the destination.
Biotic interchange is the process by which species from one biota invade another biota, usually due to the disappearance of a previously impassable barrier. [1] These dispersal barriers can be physical, climatic, or biological and can include bodies of water or ice, land features like mountains, climate zones, or competition between species.
4 Plants with red berries dispersed by birds are one of the most widespread and successful examples of this mutualism.
Isolation by distance (IBD) is a term used to refer to the accrual of local genetic variation under geographically limited dispersal. [1] The IBD model is useful for determining the distribution of gene frequencies over a geographic region. [ 2 ]