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This article describes experimental procedures for determining whether a coin is fair or unfair. There are many statistical methods for analyzing such an experimental procedure. This article illustrates two of them. Both methods prescribe an experiment (or trial) in which the coin is tossed many times and the result of each toss is recorded.
A fair coin, when tossed, should have an equal chance of landing either side up. In probability theory and statistics, a sequence of independent Bernoulli trials with probability 1/2 of success on each trial is metaphorically called a fair coin. One for which the probability is not 1/2 is called a biased or unfair coin.
The first time heads appears, the game ends and the player wins whatever is the current stake. Thus the player wins 2 dollars if heads appears on the first toss, 4 dollars if tails appears on the first toss and heads on the second, 8 dollars if tails appears on the first two tosses and heads on the third, and so on.
As visitors' coins splash into Rome's majestic Trevi Fountain carrying wishes for love, good health or a return to the Eternal City, they provide practical help to people the tourists will never meet.
To choose two out of three, three coins are flipped, and if two coins come up the same and one different, the different one loses (is out), leaving two players. To choose one out of three, the previous is either reversed (the odd coin out is the winner) or a regular two-way coin flip between the two remaining players can decide. The three-way ...
West Indies spun out Pakistan for 133 on a rank turning pitch to record a series-leveling 120-run win inside three days of the second and final test on Monday. Pakistan, which needed a further 178 ...
1) Subdivide the coins in to 2 groups of 4 coins and a third group with the remaining 5 coins. 2) Test 1, Test the 2 groups of 4 coins against each other: a. If the coins balance, the odd coin is in the population of 5 and proceed to test 2a. b. The odd coin is among the population of 8 coins, proceed in the same way as in the 12 coins problem.
Coin values can be modeled by a set of n distinct positive integer values (whole numbers), arranged in increasing order as w 1 through w n.The problem is: given an amount W, also a positive integer, to find a set of non-negative (positive or zero) integers {x 1, x 2, ..., x n}, with each x j representing how often the coin with value w j is used, which minimize the total number of coins f(W)