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JPEG 2000 (JP2) is an image compression standard and coding system. It was developed from 1997 to 2000 by a Joint Photographic Experts Group committee chaired by Touradj Ebrahimi (later the JPEG president), [1] with the intention of superseding their original JPEG standard (created in 1992), which is based on a discrete cosine transform (DCT), with a newly designed, wavelet-based method.
Image compression is a type of data compression applied to digital images, to reduce their cost for storage or transmission. Algorithms may take advantage of visual perception and the statistical properties of image data to provide superior results compared with generic data compression methods which are used for other digital data.
Lossless codecs use curve fitting or linear prediction as a basis for estimating the signal. Parameters describing the estimation and the difference between the estimation and the actual signal are coded separately. [50] A number of lossless audio compression formats exist. See list of lossless codecs for a listing.
Lossy and lossless Both 8 bpc Yes Yes Yes No Yes No Yes Yes — No AVIF: AV1 Lossy and lossless: Raster 12 bpc No Yes Yes No No Yes No Yes Yes Yes No BMP: None, RLE, JPEG, and PNG Raster 16 bpc Yes Yes No No No No No Yes No No No BPG: HEVC, Lossy and lossless Raster 14 bpc No Yes Yes No No Yes — Yes — — CD5: Lossless, ACSC Both 16 bpc Yes ...
In data compression and psychoacoustics, transparency is the result of lossy data compression accurate enough that the compressed result is perceptually indistinguishable from the uncompressed input, i.e. perceptually lossless. A transparency threshold is a given value at which transparency is reached. It is commonly used to describe compressed ...
Lossless compression algorithms and their implementations are routinely tested in head-to-head benchmarks. There are a number of better-known compression benchmarks. Some benchmarks cover only the data compression ratio, so winners in these benchmarks may be unsuitable for everyday use due to the slow speed of the top performers. Another ...
Lossless JPEG is a 1993 addition to JPEG standard by the Joint Photographic Experts Group to enable lossless compression. However, the term may also be used to refer to all lossless compression schemes developed by the group, including JPEG 2000 , JPEG LS, and JPEG XL .
ISO 29170 more specifically defines an algorithm as visually lossless "when all the observers fail to correctly identify the reference image more than 75% of the trials". [4]: 18 However, the standard allows for images that "exhibit particularly strong artifacts" to be disregarded or excluded from testing, such as engineered test images.