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The 4th century BCE started the first day of 400 BCE and ended the last day of 301 BCE. It is considered part of the Classical era, epoch, or historical period. This century marked the height of Classical Greek civilization in all of its aspects.
The great colonizing surge of the 4th century came, however, in the wake of Alexander; once again, the Ionian Greeks took the lead, just as, on Thucydides’ evidence, they had colonized Ionia itself even before the organized phase of colonizing activity in the 8th century.
Its slender proportions and distinctive contrapposto stance became hallmarks of fourth-century B.C. Greek sculpture. In architecture, the Corinthian—characterized by ornate, vegetal column capitals—first came into vogue.
Marble head of a goddess, 4th century BC, Greek, via Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York Although Spartan women were literate and received an admirable education for the standards of Ancient Greece , this was not the case for Athenian women.
Ancient Greek civilization - Philosophy, Art, Democracy: Dionysius I of Syracuse (c. 430–367) can be seen as a transitional figure between the 5th century and the 4th and indeed between Classical and Hellenistic Greece.
In the context of the art, architecture, and culture of Ancient Greece, the Classical period corresponds to most of the 5th and 4th centuries BC (the most common dates being the fall of the last Athenian tyrant in 510 BC to the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC).
Go to Hephaestion (324 bc) in Who's Who in the Classical World (1 ed.) See this event in other timelines: Iran (Persia)
The golden reign of Athens was short lived. It began to decline during the fourth century BC, but its influence on Greek cities in southern Italy and Sicily was long lasting as they adopted Greek styles and employed Greek artists.
C entered within a loose collection of city-states (often at war with one another), ancient Greek culture reached its pinnacle during the fourth century BC - an era described as its "Golden Age." Art, theater, music, poetry, philosophy, and political experiments such as democracy flourished.
339 Fourth Sacred War, between Macedonia and Athens. 338? The first Roman coinage. 338 Tribes and cities of Latin League revolt against Rome. 338 Romans are victorious at Trifanum, and the League is dissolved. 338 Philip of Macedon defeats invading Athenian and Theban armies at Chaeronea. 338 Philip of Macedon unites all Greece under his rule