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For example, nitrogen mustards are well-known alkylating agents, but they are not simple hydrocarbons. In chemistry, alkyl is a group, a substituent, that is attached to other molecular fragments. For example, alkyl lithium reagents have the empirical formula Li(alkyl), where alkyl = methyl, ethyl, etc.
Sodium salt of ethyl xanthate (sodium ethylxanthate or sodium O-ethyl dithiocarbonate) Structure of a xanthate ester Cellulose xanthate (orange) A xanthate is a salt or ester of a xanthic acid. The formula of the salt of xanthic acid is [R−O−CS 2] − M + (where R is organyl group and M is usually Na or K). [1] Xanthate also refers to the ...
This Wikipedia page provides a comprehensive list of boiling and freezing points for various solvents.
Ethyl group (highlighted blue) as part of a molecule, as the ethyl radical, and in the compounds ethanol, bromoethane, ethyl acetate, and ethyl methyl ether.. In organic chemistry, an ethyl group (abbr. Et) is an alkyl substituent with the formula −CH 2 CH 3, derived from ethane (C 2 H 6).
For example, ethyl methyl ether (CH 3 OC 2 H 5), diphenylether (C 6 H 5 OC 6 H 5). As for other organic compounds, very common ethers acquired names before rules for nomenclature were formalized. Diethyl ether is simply called ether, but was once called sweet oil of vitriol. Methyl phenyl ether is anisole, because it was originally found in ...
This page contains tables of azeotrope data for various binary and ternary mixtures of solvents. The data include the composition of a mixture by weight (in binary azeotropes, when only one fraction is given, it is the fraction of the second component), the boiling point (b.p.) of a component, the boiling point of a mixture, and the specific gravity of the mixture.
The oxidation products derived from methyl are hydroxymethyl group −CH 2 OH, formyl group −CHO, and carboxyl group −COOH. For example, permanganate often converts a methyl group to a carboxyl (−COOH) group, e.g. the conversion of toluene to benzoic acid. Ultimately oxidation of methyl groups gives protons and carbon dioxide, as seen in ...
The R−C(=O)O part is then named as a separate word based on the carboxylic acid name, with the ending changed from "-oic acid" to "-oate" or "-carboxylate" For example, CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 COOCH 3 is methyl pentanoate, and (CH 3) 2 CHCH 2 CH 2 COOCH 2 CH 3 is ethyl 4-methylpentanoate.