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This is a list of space probes that have left Earth orbit (or were launched with that intention but failed), organized by their planned destination. It includes planetary probes, solar probes, and probes to asteroids and comets, but excludes lunar missions, which are listed separately at List of lunar probes and List of Apollo missions.
The ESA has also considered a sample return mission, one of the latest known as Martian Moon Sample Return or MMSR, and it may use heritage from an asteroid sample return mission. [57] Osiris-Rex 2 was a proposal to make OR a double mission, with the other one collecting samples from the two Mars moons. [58]
The oldest active spacecraft for Mars is 2001 Mars Odyssey. 2001 Mars Odyssey. Mission: Mars Odyssey was designed to map the surface of Mars and also acts as a relay for the Curiosity rover. [9] Its name is a tribute to the novel and 1968 film 2001: A Space Odyssey. Launched: 7 April 2001; Destination: Mars; Arrival: 24 October 2001 ...
Mission ended 2010, [29] then sent to solar orbit outside L 2. [30] Herschel Space Telescope: Sun–Earth L 2: ESA Arrived at L 2 July 2009. Ceased operation on 29 April 2013; will be moved to a heliocentric orbit. [31] [32] Planck Space Observatory Sun–Earth L 2: ESA Arrived at L 2 July 2009. Mission ended on 23 October 2013; Planck has been ...
Viking 1 was the first of two spacecraft, along with Viking 2, each consisting of an orbiter and a lander, sent to Mars as part of NASA's Viking program. [2] The lander touched down on Mars on July 20, 1976, the first successful Mars lander in history.
The orbiter reached Mars orbit on September 24, 2014. Through this mission, ISRO became the first space agency to succeed in its first attempt at a Mars orbiter. The mission is the first successful Asian interplanetary mission. [6] Ten days after ISRO's launch, NASA launched their seventh Mars orbiter MAVEN to study the Martian atmosphere.
The 52–53-year-old space probe is receding from the Sun at over 43,400 km/h (27,000 mph), [64] Since the start of the Space Age, a great deal of exploration has been performed by robotic spacecraft missions that have been organized and executed by various space agencies.
Hope was the first of three space missions sent toward Mars during the July 2020 Mars launch window, with missions also launched by the national space agencies of China (Tianwen-1 orbiter, deployable and remote cameras, lander and Zhurong rover) and the United States (Mars 2020 and its Perseverance rover and Ingenuity helicopter drone).