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By 1960, half of the African Americans in the South lived in urban areas, [13] and by 1970, more than 80% of African Americans nationwide lived in cities. [14] In 1991, Nicholas Lemann wrote: The Great Migration was one of the largest and most rapid mass internal movements in history—perhaps the greatest not caused by the immediate threat of ...
First and Second Great Migrations shown through changes in African American share of population in major U.S. cities, 1916–1930 and 1940–1970 In the context of the 20th-century history of the United States , the Second Great Migration was the migration of more than 5 million African Americans from the South to the Northeast , Midwest and West .
Shortly after the American Civil War, some states started to pass their own immigration laws, which prompted the U.S. Supreme Court to rule in 1875 that immigration was a federal responsibility. [50] In 1875, the nation passed its first immigration law, the Page Act of 1875 , also known as the Asian Exclusion Act.
Racial and ethnic demographics of the United States in percentage of the population. The United States census enumerated Whites and Blacks since 1790, Asians and Native Americans since 1860 (though all Native Americans in the U.S. were not enumerated until 1890), "some other race" since 1950, and "two or more races" since 2000. [2]
U.S. and foreign born Sub-Saharan Africans are different and distinct from native-born African Americans, many of whose ancestors were involuntarily brought from West Africa to the colonial United States by means of the historic Atlantic slave trade. African immigration is now driving the growth of the Black population in New York City. [4]
For the first time in American history, racial distinctions were omitted from the U.S. Code. The 1952 Act established a simple 4-class preference system within quotas, reserving first preference for immigrants of special skills or abilities needed in the U.S. workforce, and allotting the second, third, and fourth preferences to relatives of U.S ...
[1] [2] Between 1965 and 1970 around 287,000 African Americans left the Southern United States, while from 1975 to 1980, it is estimated 109,000 African Americans migrated to the Southern United States, showing the reversal of the original Great Migration. [1] Between 1975 and 1980, several Southern states saw net African American migration gains.
The Great Migration was the movement of millions of African Americans out of the rural Southern United States from 1914 to 1960. Most moved to large industrial cities, as well as to many smaller industrial cities. African-Americans moved as individuals or small groups. There was no government assistance.