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The neutral current can be determined by adding the three phase currents together as complex numbers and then converting from rectangular to polar co-ordinates. If the three-phase root mean square (RMS) currents are I L 1 {\displaystyle I_{L1}} , I L 2 {\displaystyle I_{L2}} , and I L 3 {\displaystyle I_{L3}} , the neutral RMS current is:
Three-phase transformer with four-wire output for 208Y/120 volt service: one wire for neutral, others for A, B and C phases. Three-phase electric power (abbreviated 3ϕ [1]) is a common type of alternating current (AC) used in electricity generation, transmission, and distribution. [2]
Symmetrical components are most commonly used for analysis of three-phase electrical power systems. The voltage or current of a three-phase system at some point can be indicated by three phasors, called the three components of the voltage or the current. This article discusses voltage; however, the same considerations also apply to current.
Original - Current flows from a three-phase generator on the left, represented as three wye-connected single-phase sources, via a transmission line into a symmetric wye-connected load on the right. The phases have been arbitrarily coloured red, green, and blue. The angular separation between the phases is 120°, or 2π/3 radians.
The transform applied to three-phase currents, as used by Edith Clarke, is [2] = = [] [() ()]where () is a generic three-phase current sequence and () is the corresponding current sequence given by the transformation .
One voltage cycle of a three-phase system. A polyphase system (the term coined by Silvanus Thompson) is a means of distributing alternating-current (AC) electrical power that utilizes more than one AC phase, which refers to the phase offset value (in degrees) between AC in multiple conducting wires; phases may also refer to the corresponding terminals and conductors, as in color codes.
A diagram of an electric power system. The transmission system is in blue. Most North American transmission lines are high-voltage three-phase AC, although single phase AC is sometimes used in railway electrification systems. DC technology is used for greater efficiency over longer distances, typically hundreds of miles.
A typical one-line diagram with annotated power flows. Red boxes represent circuit breakers, grey lines represent three-phase bus and interconnecting conductors, the orange circle represents an electric generator, the green spiral is an inductor, and the three overlapping blue circles represent a double-wound transformer with a tertiary winding.