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The content of these standards is based heavily on a specific model of learning, constructivism (learning theory). [4] Like reform mathematics, [5] which is distinguished by an emphasis on building on what a child already knows and understands, the standards intend to update the methods of science education to achieve greater effectiveness with children.
American Association for the Advancement of Science (1993). Benchmarks for science literacy. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195089868. Bruton, Sheila; Ong, Faye (2000). Science content standards for California public schools : kindergarten through grade twelve (PDF). Sacramento, Calif.: Dept. of Education. ISBN 978-0-8011-1496-0
The purposes of the standards include; Creating science-literate citizens; Creating common standards for teaching in the U.S. Making science and engineering relevant for and accessible to all students; Developing greater interest in science among students so that more of them choose to major in science and technology in college.
A science fair or engineering fair is an event hosted by a school that offers students the opportunity to experience the practices of science and engineering for themselves. In the United States, the Next Generation Science Standards makes experiencing the practices of science and engineering one of the three pillars of science education.
High school graduation examinations, which are a form of high-stakes testing that denies diplomas to students who do not meet the stated standards, such as being able to read at the eighth-grade level or do pre-algebra mathematics. The Regents Examination in New York, first given in 1878, is the oldest high school graduation exam in the U.S.
The laboratory manual accompanying Elements of General Science was subsequently updated in 1920 and 1924. [11] [13] In 1918, Caldwell became the chair of the National Education Association's Commission on the Reorganization of Secondary School Science, which played a significant role in establishing nationwide standards for science education. [3]
Science National Honor Society was established in 2000 in Texas to recognize and promote outstanding coursework in the sciences by high school students. [1] [2] It also cultivates the next generation scientific researchers and explorers in the United States. [1] The society is run by teachers, scientists, and business people who volunteer their ...
Thus, the first learning standards originated as a result of content in textbooks, rather than through a systematic, democratic approach. In 1892, the National Education Association convened the Committee of Ten, which codified the first learning standards designed for a national high school audience. One year later, in 1893, the Committee of ...