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Descriptive science is a category of science that involves descriptive research; that is, observing, recording, describing, and classifying phenomena. Descriptive research is sometimes contrasted with hypothesis-driven research , which is focused on testing a particular hypothesis by means of experimentation .
Descriptive psychology is primarily a conceptual framework for the science of psychology.Created in its original form by Peter G. Ossorio at the University of Colorado at Boulder in the mid-1960s, [1] [2] it has subsequently been applied to domains such as psychotherapy, [3] artificial intelligence, [4] [5] organizational communities, [6] spirituality, [7] research methodology, [8] and theory ...
Quantitative psychological research findings result from mathematical modeling and statistical estimation or statistical inference. The two types of research differ in the methods employed, rather than the topics they focus on. There are three main types of psychological research: Correlational research; Descriptive research; Experimental research
This allows the researchers to attend to the descriptions of the participants without forcing the meaning of the descriptive units into pre-defined categories. An important aspect of the descriptive phenomenological method in psychology is the way by which it distinguishes itself from those approaches that are strictly interpretive. [9]
In scientific methodology, the conceptualizing of descriptive research precedes the hypotheses of "explanatory research". [19] An example of a descriptive device used in psychological research is the diary, which is used to record observations. There is a history of use of diaries within clinical psychology. [20]
There are many ways to classify research designs. Nonetheless, the list below offers a number of useful distinctions between possible research designs. A research design is an arrangement of conditions or collection. [5] Descriptive (e.g., case-study, naturalistic observation, survey) Correlational (e.g., case-control study, observational study)
Phenomenological description has found widespread application within psychology and the cognitive sciences. For example, Maurice Merleau-Ponty is the first well known phenomenologist to openly mingle the results of empirical research with phenomenologically descriptive research.
The use of descriptive and summary statistics has an extensive history and, indeed, the simple tabulation of populations and of economic data was the first way the topic of statistics appeared. More recently, a collection of summarisation techniques has been formulated under the heading of exploratory data analysis : an example of such a ...