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Command Prompt, also known as cmd.exe or cmd, is the default command-line interpreter for the OS/2, [1] eComStation, ArcaOS, Microsoft Windows (Windows NT family and Windows CE family), and ReactOS [2] operating systems.
The help switch "/?" defines it as a "Reserved command name". It is available in MS-DOS version 5.00 and later, including the DOS 7 and 8 in Windows 95/98/ME. The C library function realpath performs this function. The Microsoft Windows NT command processors do not support this command, including the versions of command.com for NT.
A CMD file has a 128-byte header, followed by 1–8 groups of code or data. [2] Each group can be up to 1 megabyte in size. In later versions of the format, CMD files can also contain relocation information and Resident System Extensions (RSXs). [2] The start of the header lists the groups present in the file, and their types.
In MS-DOS, a batch file can be started from the command-line interface by typing its name, followed by any required parameters and pressing the ↵ Enter key. When DOS loads, the file AUTOEXEC.BAT, when present, is automatically executed, so any commands that need to be run to set up the DOS environment may be placed in this file.
The console alternatives 4DOS, 4OS2, FreeDOS, Peter Norton's NDOS and 4NT / Take Command which add functionality to the Windows NT-style cmd.exe, MS-DOS/Windows 95 batch files (run by Command.com), OS/2's cmd.exe, and 4NT respectively are similar to the shells that they enhance and are more integrated with the Windows Script Host, which comes ...
Note the Directory command name is not case sensitive, and can be abbreviated to as few letters as required to remain unique. Windows: DIR/Q/O:S d* dir /q d* /o:s: display ownership of files whose names begin with D, sorted by size, smallest first. Note spaces around argument d* are required. Unix-like systems: ls -lS D* ls -S -l D*
The cmd.exe command processor of Windows NT-based systems supports basic completion. It is possible to use a separate key-binding for matching directory names only. cmd.exe /F:ON enables file and directory name completion characters (^F and ^D by default).
AUTOEXEC.BAT is a system file that was originally on DOS-type operating systems.It is a plain-text batch file in the root directory of the boot device.The name of the file is an abbreviation of "automatic execution", which describes its function in automatically executing commands on system startup; the filename was coined in response to the 8.3 filename limitations of the FAT file system family.