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  2. Problems and Theorems in Analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Problems_and_Theorems_in...

    [4]: 23–24 The specific topics treated bear witness to the special interests of Pólya (Descartes' rule of signs, Pólya's enumeration theorem), Szegö (polynomials, trigonometric polynomials, and his own work in orthogonal polynomials) and sometimes both (the zeros of polynomials and analytic functions, complex analysis in general).

  3. Pólya enumeration theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pólya_enumeration_theorem

    The Pólya enumeration theorem can be used to calculate the number of graphs up to isomorphism with a fixed number of vertices, or the generating function of these graphs according to the number of edges they have. For the latter purpose, we can say that a black or present edge has weight 1, while an absent or white edge has weight 0.

  4. Characteristic function (probability theory) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Characteristic_function...

    Pólya’s theorem can be used to construct an example of two random variables whose characteristic functions coincide over a finite interval but are different elsewhere. Pólya’s theorem. If is a real-valued, even, continuous function which satisfies the conditions =,

  5. Pólya urn model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pólya_urn_model

    According to the De Finetti's theorem, there must be a unique prior distribution such that the joint distribution of observing the sequence is a Bayesian mixture of the Bernoulli probabilities. It can be shown that this prior distribution is a beta distribution with parameters β ( ⋅ ; α , γ ) {\displaystyle \beta \left(\cdot ;\,\alpha ...

  6. Graph enumeration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graph_enumeration

    The complete list of all free trees on 2, 3, and 4 labeled vertices: = tree with 2 vertices, = trees with 3 vertices, and = trees with 4 vertices.. In combinatorics, an area of mathematics, graph enumeration describes a class of combinatorial enumeration problems in which one must count undirected or directed graphs of certain types, typically as a function of the number of vertices of the ...

  7. Cycle index - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cycle_index

    Marko Riedel, Pólya's enumeration theorem and the symbolic method; Marko Riedel, Cycle indices of the set / multiset operator and the exponential formula; Harald Fripertinger (1997). "Cycle indices of linear, affine and projective groups". Linear Algebra and Its Applications. 263: 133– 156. doi: 10.1016/S0024-3795(96)00530-7. Harald ...

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  9. Convergence proof techniques - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convergence_proof_techniques

    Convergence proof techniques are canonical patterns of mathematical proofs that sequences or functions converge to a finite limit when the argument tends to infinity.. There are many types of sequences and modes of convergence, and different proof techniques may be more appropriate than others for proving each type of convergence of each type of sequence.