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Ca 2+ + 2HCO − 3 → CaCO 3 + H 2 O + CO 2. The calcium carbonate most readily precipitates onto solid surfaces bathed by the groundwater, eventually building up thick deposits of travertine. Because of the role of CO 2 in dissolving and transporting calcium carbonate, it is sometimes described as the carrier CO 2 or simply as the carrier. [25]
Tufa columns at Mono Lake, California. Tufa is a variety of limestone formed when carbonate minerals precipitate out of water in unheated rivers or lakes. Geothermally heated hot springs sometimes produce similar (but less porous) carbonate deposits, which are known as travertine or thermogene travertine. Tufa is sometimes referred to as ...
The Geysers is the world's largest geothermal field, containing a complex of 18 geothermal power plants, drawing steam from more than 350 wells, located in the Mayacamas Mountains approximately 72 miles (116 km) north of San Francisco, California.