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Distinct permissions apply to the owner. Files and directories are assigned a group, which define the file's group class. Distinct permissions apply to members of the file's group. The owner may be a member of the file's group. Users who are not the owner, nor a member of the group, comprise a file's others class. Distinct permissions apply to ...
File-system permissions; chattr, the command used to change the attributes of a file or directory on Linux systems; chown, the command used to change the owner of a file or directory on Unix-like systems; chgrp, the command used to change the group of a file or directory on Unix-like systems
They are notably used by the NFS server of the Interix POSIX subsystem in order to implement Unix-like permissions. The Windows Subsystem for Linux added in the Windows 10 Anniversary Update uses them for similar purposes, storing the Linux file mode, owner, device ID (if applicable), and file times in the extended attributes. [27]
A filesystem ACL is a data structure (usually a table) containing entries that specify individual user or group rights to specific system objects such as programs, processes, or files. These entries are known as access-control entries (ACEs) in the Microsoft Windows NT, [4] OpenVMS, and Unix-like operating systems such as Linux, macOS, and ...
Generally, the mask only affects file permissions during the creation of new files and has no effect when file permissions are changed in existing files; however, the chmod command will check the mask when the mode options are specified using symbolic mode and a reference to a class of users is not specified. The mask is stored as a group of bits.
A core security feature in these systems is the file system permissions. All files in a typical Unix filesystem have permissions set enabling different access to a file. Unix permissions permit different users access to a file with different privilege (e.g., reading, writing, execution).
In Unix and Unix-like systems, including POSIX-conforming systems, each file has a 'mode' containing 9 bit flags controlling read, write and execute permission for each of the file's owner, group and all other users (see File-system permissions §Traditional Unix permissions for more details) plus the setuid and setgid bit flags and a 'sticky' bit flag.
Most of these permissions are self-explanatory, except the following: Renaming a file requires the "Delete" permission. [12] File Explorer doesn't show "Synchronize" and always sets it. Multi-threaded apps like File Explorer and Windows Command Prompt need the "Synchronize" permission to be able to work with files and folders. [13]