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Nevertheless, mesothelioma may be related to brief, low level, or indirect exposures to asbestos. [28] The dose necessary for effect appears to be lower for asbestos-induced mesothelioma than for pulmonary asbestosis or lung cancer. [28] Again, there is no known safe level of exposure to asbestos as it relates to increased risk of mesothelioma.
Asbestosis is long-term inflammation and scarring of the lungs due to asbestos fibers. [4] Symptoms may include shortness of breath, cough, wheezing, and chest tightness. [1] Complications may include lung cancer, mesothelioma, and pulmonary heart disease. [1] [9] Asbestosis is caused by breathing in asbestos fibers.
The International Classification of Diseases for Oncology (ICD-O) is a domain-specific extension of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems for tumor diseases.
Amosite and crocidolite are considered the most hazardous asbestos fiber types; [5] however, chrysotile asbestos has also produced tumors in animals and is a recognized cause of asbestosis and malignant mesothelioma in humans, [6] and mesothelioma has been observed in people who were occupationally exposed to chrysotile, family members of the ...
Asbestos-related diseases are disorders of the lung and pleura caused by the inhalation of asbestos fibres. Asbestos-related diseases include non-malignant disorders such as asbestosis (pulmonary fibrosis due to asbestos), diffuse pleural thickening, pleural plaques, pleural effusion, rounded atelectasis and malignancies such as lung cancer and malignant mesothelioma.
Workers are frequently exposed to asbestos during demolition and renovation work, which can cause asbestosis and/or mesothelioma. Asbestos exposure can also cause pleural effusion, diffuse pleural fibrosis, pleural plaques, and non-mesothelioma lung cancer. Smoking greatly increases the lung cancer risk of asbestos exposure. [3]
The latency period (meaning the time it takes for the disease to develop) is often 10–20 years. Mesothelioma - A cancer of the mesothelial lining of the lungs and the chest cavity, the peritoneum (abdominal cavity) or the pericardium (a sac surrounding the heart). Unlike lung cancer, mesothelioma has no association with smoking. [14]
It is closely correlated with a history of tobacco smoking, more so than most other types of lung cancer. According to the Nurses' Health Study, the relative risk of SCC is around 5.5, both among those with a previous duration of smoking of 1 to 20 years, and those with 20 to 30 years, compared to "never smokers" (lifelong nonsmokers). [13]