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  2. Exhaust gas recirculation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exhaust_gas_recirculation

    The goal of EGR is thus to reduce NO x production by reducing the combustion temperatures. In modern diesel engines, the EGR gas is usually cooled with a heat exchanger to allow the introduction of a greater mass of recirculated gas. However, uncooled EGR designs do exist; these are often referred to as hot-gas recirculation (HGR).

  3. Water injection (engine) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_injection_(engine)

    Water Injection and cooled exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) could be seen as competitive technologies: it has been demonstrated that at medium load a 40-50 % Water-to-Fuel Ratio (WFR) with Port Water Injection (PWI) has the same effect as an EGR-rate of 10%, which is seen as relatively limited even for petrol engines. [15]

  4. Internal combustion engine cooling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_combustion_engine...

    The worst problem met in air-cooled aircraft engines was the so-called "shock cooling", when the airplane entered in a dive after climbing or level flight with throttle open, with the engine under no load while the airplane dives generating less heat, and the flow of air that cools the engine is increased, a catastrophic engine failure may ...

  5. Diesel engine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diesel_engine

    1952 Shell Oil film showing the development of the diesel engine from 1877. The diesel engine, named after the German engineer Rudolf Diesel, is an internal combustion engine in which ignition of diesel fuel is caused by the elevated temperature of the air in the cylinder due to mechanical compression; thus, the diesel engine is called a compression-ignition engine (CI engine).

  6. Variable-geometry turbocharger - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable-geometry_turbocharger

    Volvo FM VGT diesel engine with EGR emissions technology. Variable-geometry turbochargers (VGTs), occasionally known as variable-nozzle turbochargers (VNTs), are a type of turbochargers, usually designed to allow the effective aspect ratio (A/R ratio) of the turbocharger to be altered as conditions change. This is done with the use of ...

  7. Internal combustion engine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_combustion_engine

    With low octane fuel, a problem would occur as the compression ratio increased as the fuel was igniting due to the rise in temperature that resulted. Charles Kettering developed a lead additive which allowed higher compression ratios, which was progressively abandoned for automotive use from the 1970s onward, partly due to lead poisoning concerns.

  8. Wankel engine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wankel_engine

    The problem of clearance for hot rotor apexes passing between the axially closer side housings in the cooler intake lobe areas was dealt with by using an axial rotor pilot radially inboard of the oils seals, plus improved inertia oil cooling of the rotor interior (C-W US 3261542 , C. Jones, 5/8/63, US 3176915 , M. Bentele, C. Jones. A.H. Raye ...

  9. Rover V8 engine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rover_V8_engine

    The Iceberg engine was slated for fitment in the Range Rover, Rover SD1 and the Jaguar XJ but the project encountered problems with failure of the alloy cylinder heads and internal cooling. They were limited by the need to use the same basic block casting as the petrol engine to allow the Iceberg engine to be produced on the same production ...

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