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The harmonic minor scale (or Aeolian ♮7 scale) is a musical scale derived from the natural minor scale, with the minor seventh degree raised by one semitone to a major seventh, [2] [3] [4] creating an augmented second between the sixth and seventh degrees.
The seventh scale degree is very often raised a half step to form a leading tone, making the dominant chord (V) a major chord (i.e. V major instead of v minor) and the subtonic chord (vii), a diminished chord (vii o, instead of ♭ VII). This version of minor scale is called the harmonic minor scale.
In modern notation, the key signature for music in a minor key is typically based on the accidentals of the natural minor scale, not on those of the harmonic or melodic minor scales. For example, a piece in E minor will have one sharp in its key signature because the E natural minor scale has one sharp (F ♯).
Borrowed chords are typically used as "color chords", providing harmonic variety through contrasting scale forms, which are major scales and the three forms of minor scales. [2] Chords may also be borrowed from other parallel modes besides the major and minor mode, for example D Dorian with D major. [1]
As it contains the notes and alterations (I, ♭ 9, m3/ ♯ 9, M3, ♭ 5/ ♯ 11, ♭ 13, m7), it is particularly important in the jazz harmonic idiom, notably as a V chord in a minor key. For our example key of C-minor, the V chord is G7, so the improviser would draw upon the G7 altered scale (mode VII of the A ♭ melodic minor). A complete ...
The diatonic scale (seven notes)—this includes the major scale and the natural minor; The melodic and harmonic minor scales (seven notes) These scales are used in all of their transpositions. The music of this period introduces modulation, which involves systematic changes from one scale to another. Modulation occurs in relatively ...
The A harmonic minor scale can be used on the chords of a piece in A minor, especially on the minor ii–V–i chord progression. One of the most common uses of the harmonic minor scale is its fifth mode (phrygian dominant scale), which is a frequently used over dominant chords.