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Documents feature prominently in all manner of business and personal affairs. Almost any type of document may become disputed in an investigation or litigation. For example, a questioned document may be a sheet of paper bearing handwriting or mechanically-produced text such as a ransom note, a forged cheque, or a business contract.
Google Translate is a multilingual neural machine translation service developed by Google to translate text, documents and websites from one language into another. It offers a website interface , a mobile app for Android and iOS , as well as an API that helps developers build browser extensions and software applications . [ 3 ]
The Four Corners Rule is a legal doctrine that courts use to determine the meaning of a written instrument such as a contract, will, or deed as represented solely by its textual content. The doctrine states that where there is an ambiguity of terms, the Court must rely on the written instrument solely and cannot consider extraneous evidence.
The same conditions regarding acknowledging the source apply as for a full translation. Requesting a translation from another language's Wikipedia into English is easy. If the English article already exists (but a translation would be useful because the article in the other language is of higher quality, or includes additional information):
The father was illiterate and signed the bank document under the belief that he was acting as the guarantor for the farm only, when the contract was actually for all the debt accumulated by the son. As he was illiterate, this was a mistake as to the document signed and the father was successful in claiming non est factum.
Translation of material into Arabic expanded after the creation of Arabic script in the 5th century, and gained great importance with the rise of Islam and Islamic empires. Arab translation initially focused primarily on politics, rendering Persian, Greek, even Chinese and Indic diplomatic materials into Arabic.
It was bootstrapped by EkStep Foundation in late 2019 as a solution to enable easier translation of legal documents between English and Indic languages. Creating Anuvaad platform allowed legal entities to digitize & translate the Orders/Judgements using an easy to use user interface.
The Commission International de Diplomatique has defined diplomatics as "the science which studies the tradition, the form and the issuing of written documents". [8] More pragmatically, Peter Beal defines diplomatics as "the science or study of documents and records, including their forms, language, script and meaning.