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In his differential association theory, Edwin Sutherland posited that criminals learn criminal and deviant behaviors and that deviance is not inherently a part of a particular individual's nature. When an individual's significant others engage in deviant and/or criminal behavior, criminal behavior will be learned as a result to this exposure. [16]
Several experiments use individuals with antisocial parents who have been adopted and raised by other people. Consistently, however, antisocial behavior prevails in the child despite the deviant, biological parents being absent. [3] One such experiment used individuals whose biological parents exhibited criminal behavior and who were adopted.
Psychoanalysis is a psychological theory (and therapy) which regards the unconscious mind, repressed memories and trauma, as the key drivers of behavior, especially deviant behavior. [47] Sigmund Freud talks about how the unconscious desire for pain relates to psychoanalysis in his essay, Beyond the Pleasure Principle,. [47]
For example, if a gang engaged in primary deviant behavior such as acts of violence, dishonesty or drug addiction, subsequently moved to legally deviant or criminal behavior, such as murder, this would be the stage of secondary deviance. Primary acts of deviance are common in everyone, however these are rarely thought of as criminal acts.
The process of learning criminal behavior by association with criminal and anti-criminal patterns involves all of the mechanisms that are involved in any other learning. 9. While criminal behavior is an expression of general needs and values, it is not explained by those needs and values, since non-criminal behavior is an expression of the same ...
Based on the empirical observation of the connection between criminal behavior and age, [5] Hirschi and Gottfredson theorized that an important factor behind crime is individual lack of self-control. Individual self-control improves with age as a result of many factors: changing biology through hormonal development, socialization and increasing ...
A Reddit post by a user who identified himself as Bryan C. Kohberger solicits participation in a research project about criminal behavior. Kohberger was then a student pursuing a master’s degree ...
Although much research has been discovered in relation to neurocriminology, all atypical brain functions do not objectively result in deviant, criminal, or problematic behaviors. This bias can potentially bring bias towards those with divergent mental functionings into being categorized as those who are unable to make–morally–correct decisions.