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In his differential association theory, Edwin Sutherland posited that criminals learn criminal and deviant behaviors and that deviance is not inherently a part of a particular individual's nature. When an individual's significant others engage in deviant and/or criminal behavior, criminal behavior will be learned as a result to this exposure. [18]
Paraphilias are sexual interests in objects, situations, or individuals that are atypical. The American Psychiatric Association, in its Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Fifth Edition (DSM), draws a distinction between paraphilias (which it describes as atypical sexual interests) and paraphilic disorders (which additionally require the experience of distress, impairment in functioning, and/or ...
A paraphilia is an experience of recurring or intense sexual arousal to atypical objects, places, situations, fantasies, behaviors, or individuals. [3] [4] It has also been defined as a sexual interest in anything other than a legally consenting human partner.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 13 February 2025. Mental health disorder Not to be confused with Psychosis, Psychopathology, Psychic, or Sycophancy. "Psychopaths" and "Psychopath" redirect here. For other uses, see Psychopath (disambiguation). "Sociopathy" and "Sociopath" redirect here. For another usage of these terms, see antisocial ...
The risk of early adulthood criminal conviction increased by nearly 30 percent with each hour children spent watching TV on an average weekend. [19] Peers can also impact one's predisposition to anti-social behaviours, in particular, children in peer groups are more likely to associate with anti-social behaviours if present within their peer ...
The process of learning criminal behavior by association with criminal and anti-criminal patterns involves all of the mechanisms that are involved in any other learning. 9. While criminal behavior is an expression of general needs and values, it is not explained by those needs and values, since non-criminal behavior is an expression of the same ...
Labeling theory holds that deviance is not inherent in an act, but instead focuses on the tendency of majorities to negatively label minorities or those seen as deviant from standard cultural norms. [1] [2] The theory was prominent during the 1960s and 1970s, and some modified versions of the theory have developed and are still currently popular.
The offender insists that their actions did not cause any harm or damage. [2] Denial of the victim. The offender insists that the victim deserved it. [2] Condemnation of the condemners. The offender maintains that those who condemn the offence do so out of spite, or are unfairly shifting the blame off themselves. [2] Appeal to higher loyalties.