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For most values of p, the surface area () of an L p sphere of radius R (the boundary of an L p n-ball of radius R) cannot be calculated by differentiating the volume of an L p ball with respect to its radius. While the volume can be expressed as an integral over the surface areas using the coarea formula, the coarea formula contains a ...
In terms of inclusions of balls, the k open unit balls centered at , …, are included in a ball of radius := + (), which is minimal for this configuration. To show that this configuration is optimal, let x 1 , … , x k {\displaystyle x_{1},\dots ,x_{k}} be the centers of k disjoint open unit balls contained in a ball of radius r centered at a ...
This is a list of volume formulas of basic shapes: [4]: 405–406 Cone – 1 3 π r 2 h {\textstyle {\frac {1}{3}}\pi r^{2}h} , where r {\textstyle r} is the base 's radius Cube – a 3 {\textstyle a^{3}} , where a {\textstyle a} is the side's length;
The volume (V) and surface area (S) of a toroid are given by the following equations, where r is the radius of the circular section, and R is the radius of the overall shape. V = 2 π 2 r 2 R {\displaystyle V=2\pi ^{2}r^{2}R}
For all these radius ratios a compact packing is known that achieves the maximum possible packing fraction (above that of uniformly-sized discs) for mixtures of discs with that radius ratio. [9] All nine have ratio-specific packings denser than the uniform hexagonal packing, as do some radius ratios without compact packings.
The two effects exactly cancel each other out. In the extreme case of the smallest possible sphere, the cylinder vanishes (its radius becomes zero) and the height equals the diameter of the sphere. In this case the volume of the band is the volume of the whole sphere, which matches the formula given above.
If the radius of the sphere is denoted by r and the height of the cap by h, the volume of the spherical sector is =. This may also be written as V = 2 π r 3 3 ( 1 − cos φ ) , {\displaystyle V={\frac {2\pi r^{3}}{3}}(1-\cos \varphi )\,,} where φ is half the cone aperture angle, i.e., φ is the angle between the rim of the cap and the ...
In Euclidean n-space, an (open) n-ball of radius r and center x is the set of all points of distance less than r from x. A closed n-ball of radius r is the set of all points of distance less than or equal to r away from x. In Euclidean n-space, every ball is bounded by a hypersphere.