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India faces more difficulties in proliferating its income tax than a country like China, who subjects 20% of its population, because there is an emphatically low amount of formal wage earners. [27] Even though India's income tax was instituted in 1922 by the British, their tax history explains their high degree of tax delinquency today. [27]
The Income Tax Department of India specifies the use of the Form and various rules and regulations are associated with it. The Income Tax Act, 1961, and the Income Tax Rules, 1962, govern the process of filing Income Tax Returns in India. Form 3CE is a part of this process and is an Audit Report format and is required by Section 44DA. [24]
The Income Tax Department is the central government's largest revenue generator; total tax revenue increased from ₹ 1,392.26 billion (US$17 billion) in 1997–98 to ₹ 5,889.09 billion (US$71 billion) in 2007–08. [3] [4] In 2018–19, direct tax collections reported by the CBDT were about ₹ 11.17 lakh crore (₹11.17 trillion). [5]
Direct tax in the form of an income tax was introduced by Sir James Wilson in India in 1860 to overcome the difficulties created by the Indian Rebellion of 1857. [12] The organisational history of the Income-tax Department, however, starts in the year 1922, when the Income-tax Act [4], 1922 gave, for the first time, a specific nomenclature to various Income-tax authorities.
The tax rates, rules and regulations are governed by the GST Council which consists of the finance ministers of the central government and all the states. The GST is meant to replace a slew of indirect taxes with a federated tax and is therefore expected to reshape the country's $3.5 trillion economy, but its implementation has received criticism.
An income tax is a tax imposed on individuals or entities (taxpayers) in respect of the income or profits earned by them (commonly called taxable income). Income tax generally is computed as the product of a tax rate times the taxable income. Taxation rates may vary by type or characteristics of the taxpayer and the type of income.
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A tax on capital gains was imposed for the first time in 1946, although the concept of ‘capital gains’ has been amended many times by later amendments. [12] In 1956, Mr. Nicholas Kaldor was given the responsibility of investigating the Indian tax system in light of the revenue requirement of the second five-year plan (1956–1961).