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Common symptoms of CNS tumors include vomiting, headache, changes in vision, nausea, and seizures. [3] A CNS tumor can be detected and classified via neurological examination, medical imaging , such as x-ray imaging, magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI ) or computed tomography ( CT ), or after analysis of a biopsy.
There are no specific signs or symptoms for brain cancer, but the presence of a combination of symptoms and the lack of alternative causes may indicate a brain tumor. [41] A medical history aids in the diagnosis. Clinical and laboratory investigations will serve to exclude infections as the cause of the symptoms.
Treatment options include surgery, radiotherapy, radiosurgery, and chemotherapy. The infiltrating growth of microscopic tentacles in fibrillary astrocytomas makes complete surgical removal difficult or impossible without injuring brain tissue needed for normal neurological function. However, surgery can still reduce or control tumor size.
Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumour (DNT, DNET) is a type of brain tumor. Most commonly found in the temporal lobe , DNTs have been classified as benign tumours. [ 1 ] These are glioneuronal tumours comprising both glial and neuron cells and often have ties to focal cortical dysplasia .
Classification of brainstem gliomas by MRI appearance. Histopathology of a brainstem glioma. A brainstem glioma is a cancerous glioma tumor in the brainstem.Around 75% are diagnosed in children and young adults under the age of twenty, but have been known to affect older adults as well. [1]
Oligodendrogliomas are a type of glioma that are believed to originate from the oligodendrocytes of the brain or from a glial precursor cell. They occur primarily in adults (9.4% of all primary brain and central nervous system tumors) but are also found in children (4% of all primary brain tumors).
According to the NHS, non-cancerous brain tumours are more common in people over the age of 50, and symptoms include headaches, blackouts, behavioural changes and loss of consciousness.
Tumors are also removed in cases where a patient is suffering from a high seizure burden. [1] If a tumor is rapidly growing or causing symptoms of hydrocephalus, deferring surgery may lead to vision loss, need for ventricular shunt, and ultimately death. Total removal of the tumor is curative.
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