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Endothelial dysfunction may be involved in the development of atherosclerosis [5] [6] [7] and may predate vascular pathology. [ 5 ] [ 8 ] Endothelial dysfunction may also lead to increased adherence of monocytes and macrophages , as well as promoting infiltration of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in the vessel wall. [ 9 ]
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), or paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome (PIMS / PIMS-TS), or systemic inflammatory syndrome in COVID-19 (SISCoV), is a rare systemic illness involving persistent fever and extreme inflammation following exposure to SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19. [7]
Type I is also known as allergic vasospastic angina due to endothelial dysfunction. It occurs in people without underlying coronary artery disease or predisposing factors who have allergic ACS secondary to coronary artery spasm. Inflammatory mediators during an allergic reaction can cause arterial spasms with normal troponins.
By exploring both the endothelial dysfunction and the resulting coagulopathy, Smadja contributed to the growing body of research that underscores the systemic nature of COVID-19, beyond its initial respiratory presentation. According to a paper published in Heliyon, he has been cited worldwide as the number one researcher in this field. [22]
This change in the vascular tone is secondary to endothelial dysfunction. [72] In addition, children with Kawasaki disease, with or without coronary artery complications, may have a more adverse cardiovascular risk profile later in life, [ 75 ] and may benefit from long term monitoring and prevention approaches to both detect cardiovascular ...
<25% long-term kidney problems, which for some of these, could include chronic kidney dysfunction or even failure (which could ultimately need dialysis or transplantation to treat); [1] 5% risk of death during the illness in developed countries with treatment: Frequency: 1.5 per 100,000 per year [5] Deaths <5% risk of death [1]
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a type of respiratory failure characterized by rapid onset of widespread inflammation in the lungs. [1] Symptoms include shortness of breath (dyspnea), rapid breathing (tachypnea), and bluish skin coloration (cyanosis). [1]
Endothelial dysfunction is a result of changes in endothelial function. [20] [21] After fat accumulation and when stimulated by inflammation, endothelial cells become activated, which is characterized by the expression of molecules such as E-selectin, VCAM-1 and ICAM-1, which stimulate the adhesion of immune cells. [22]
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