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A dermoid cyst is a teratoma of a cystic nature that contains an array of developmentally mature, solid tissues. It frequently consists of skin , hair follicles , and sweat glands , while other commonly found components include clumps of long hair , pockets of sebum , blood , fat , bone , nail , teeth , eyes , cartilage , and thyroid tissue.
Theca lutein cyst is a type of bilateral functional ovarian cyst filled with clear, straw-colored fluid. These cysts result from exaggerated physiological stimulation (hyperreactio luteinalis) due to elevated levels of beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG) or hypersensitivity to beta-hCG.
The combined approach of ultrasound with Doppler, along with the selective use of contrast-enhanced MRI, proves to be an efficient diagnostic method for identifying benign adnexal masses with distinctive features, including functional masses, dermoid, endometrioma, fibroma, pedunculated fibroid, hydrosalpinx, and peritoneal inclusion cysts. [18]
Ultrasound demonstrates a complex appearance with multiple cystic and solid areas, findings that reflect the gross pathologic appearance of the tumor. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings may be more characteristic: The cystic spaces demonstrate both high and low signal intensity on T1- and T2-weighted images.
humpath pathology images #2657 Archived 2017-09-01 at the Wayback Machine (Teratomas), #4541 Archived 2017-09-01 at the Wayback Machine (Mature teratoma), #5350 Archived 2017-09-01 at the Wayback Machine (Immature teratoma) cystic teratoma at eMedicine (also search EMedicine for all articles containing the word teratoma
The postoperative specimen from the previous image shows a fairly well developed fetus lying on its back, with rudimentary digits. A computed tomography scan of the same patient's abdomen pre-operation reveals a large retroperitoneal soft-tissue mass. There are long hyperdense opacities that resemble fetal bones.
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Ovarian cysts are usually diagnosed by pelvic ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI, and correlated with clinical presentation and endocrinologic tests as appropriate. [15] Ultrasound is the most important imaging modality, as abnormalities seen in a CT scan sometimes prove to be normal in ultrasound.