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The extremes of the meantone systems encountered in historical practice are the Pythagorean tuning, where the whole tone corresponds to 9:8, i.e. (3:2) 2 / 2 , the mean of the major third (3:2) 4 / 4 , and the fifth (3:2) is not tempered; and the 1 ⁄ 3-comma meantone, where the fifth is tempered to the extent that three ...
In music theory, an interval is a difference in pitch between two sounds. [1] An interval may be described as horizontal, linear, or melodic if it refers to successively sounding tones, such as two adjacent pitches in a melody, and vertical or harmonic if it pertains to simultaneously sounding tones, such as in a chord.
Determine the distance of a musical note from a set point of reference, e.g. "three octaves above middle C" Identify the intervals between given tones, regardless of their relation to concert pitch (A = 440 Hz) Correctly sing a melody by following musical notation, by pitching each note in the melody according to its distance from the previous ...
The ordered pitch-class interval describes the number of ascending semitones from one pitch-class to the next, ordered from lowest to highest. Since pitch-classes have octave equivalence, the ordered pitch -class interval can be computed mathematically as "the absolute value of the difference between the two pitch-classes modulo 12".
The terms sounding range, written range, designated range, duration range and dynamic range have specific meanings.. The sounding range [3] refers to the pitches produced by an instrument, while the written range [3] refers to the compass (span) of notes written in the sheet music, where the part is sometimes transposed for convenience.
The difference in pitch between two notes is called an interval. The most basic interval is the unison , which is simply two notes of the same pitch. The octave interval is two pitches that are either double or half the frequency of one another.
An equally tempered perfect fifth, defined as 700 cents, is about two cents narrower than a just perfect fifth, which is approximately 701.955 cents. Kepler explored musical tuning in terms of integer ratios, and defined a "lower imperfect fifth" as a 40:27 pitch ratio, and a "greater imperfect fifth" as a 243:160 pitch ratio. [13]
When a musical instrument is tuned using a just intonation tuning system, the size of the main intervals can be expressed by small-integer ratios, such as 1:1 , 2:1 , 3:2 (perfect fifth), 4:3 (perfect fourth), 5:4 (major third), 6:5 (minor third). Intervals with small-integer ratios are often called just intervals, or pure intervals.