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When children with cerebral palsy are in pain, they experience worse muscle spasms. [55] Pain is associated with tight or shortened muscles, abnormal posture, stiff joints, unsuitable orthosis , etc. Hip migration or dislocation is a recognizable source of pain in CP children and especially in the adolescent population.
Pediatric acquired brain injury (PABI) is the number one cause of death and disability for children and young adults in the United States." [citation needed] and affects mostly children ages (6-10) and adolescent ages (11-17) around the world.
It is also the leading cause of permanent paralysis for children. [21] [22] In the US approximately 16,000,000 children go to a hospital emergency room due to some kind of injury every year. [4] Male children are more frequently injured than female children by a ratio of two to one. [4]
Shaken baby syndrome (SBS), also known as abusive head trauma (AHT), is a controversial and scientifically disputed [4] [5] [6] medical condition in children younger than five years old, [3] hypothesized to be caused by blunt trauma, vigorous shaking, or a combination of both. [4] [1]
Hypoxia refers to deficiency of oxygen, Ischemia refers to restriction in blood flow to the brain. The result is “encephalopathy” which refers to damaged brain cells. Encephalopathy is a nonspecific response of the brain to injury which may occur via multiple methods, but is commonly caused by birth asphyxia, leading to cerebral hypoxia. [2 ...
Because children and adults with the disorder cannot feel pain, they may not respond to problems, thus being at a higher risk of more severe diseases. Children with this condition often sustain oral cavity damage both in and around the oral cavity (such as having bitten off the tip of their tongue) or fractures to bones. [2]
A minor bump to the head is the most commonly reported precipitant. Usually the toddler trips and falls; the child's caregiver may hear the bump. Most commonly, the child does not cry, although some parents give descriptions of the child "trying to cry" (Stephenson 1978), or there may be a gasp or a sob. Syncope rapidly ensues.
SIS is a potential complication from an athlete returning to a game before symptoms from a minor head injury have subsided. [4] Such symptoms include headache, cognitive difficulties, or visual changes. [1] The initial injury may be a concussion, or it may be another, more severe, type of head trauma, such as cerebral contusion. [5]