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The mononuclear spot test or monospot test, a form of the heterophile antibody test, [1] is a rapid test for infectious mononucleosis due to Epstein–Barr virus (EBV). It is an improvement on the Paul–Bunnell test. [2] The test is specific for heterophile antibodies produced by the human immune system in response to EBV
Heterophile antibodies are IgM antibodies with affinity for sheep and horse red blood cells. They appear during the first week of infectious mononucleosis symptoms, 3–4 weeks after infection and return to undetectable levels 3 to 6 months after infection. Heterophile antibody is a fairly specific but insensitive test for EBV.
Infectious mononucleosis (IM, mono), also known as glandular fever, is an infection usually caused by the Epstein–Barr virus (EBV). [2] [3] Most people are infected by the virus as children, when the disease produces few or no symptoms. [2] In young adults, the disease often results in fever, sore throat, enlarged lymph nodes in the neck, and ...
There are several forms of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection. These include asymptomatic infections, the primary infection, infectious mononucleosis, and the progression of asymptomatic or primary infections to: 1) any one of various Epstein–Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative diseases such as chronic active EBV infection, EBV+ hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, Burkitt's lymphoma ...
Characteristic findings that are also diagnostic criteria for the disorder are: 1) symptoms similar to those in infectious mononucleosis but persist for >3 months; 2) high blood levels of EBV DNA (i.e. >25 viral copies per mg of total DNA); 3) histologic evidence of organ disease; 4) presence of EBV RNA (e.g. an EBER) in an affected organ or ...
The first patient in the U.S. was hospitalized with "severe" bird flu. Here's what you should know about symptoms, according to an infectious disease expert.
Serology is the scientific study of serum and other body fluids.In practice, the term usually refers to the diagnostic identification of antibodies in the serum. [1] Such antibodies are typically formed in response to an infection (against a given microorganism), [2] against other foreign proteins (in response, for example, to a mismatched blood transfusion), or to one's own proteins (in ...
The indirect Coombs test is used in prenatal testing of pregnant women and in testing prior to a blood transfusion. The test detects antibodies against foreign red blood cells. In this case, serum is extracted from a blood sample taken from the patient. The serum is incubated with foreign red blood cells of known antigenicity. Finally, anti ...