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  2. Functional group - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_group

    In organic chemistry, a functional group is a substituent or moiety in a molecule that causes the molecule's ... The following is a list of common functional groups. [3]

  3. IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IUPAC_nomenclature_of...

    The side chains are grouped like this: 12-butyl-4,8-diethyl. (But this is not necessarily the final grouping, as functional groups may be added in between to ensure all groups are listed alphabetically.) The secondary functional groups are: a hydroxy- at carbon 5, a chloro- at carbon 11, a methoxy- at carbon 15, and a bromo- at carbon 18.

  4. Category:Functional groups - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Functional_groups

    A. Acetal; Acetoxy group; Acetylide; Active ester; Acyl azide; Acyl chloride; Acyl cyanide; Acyl group; Acyl halide; Acylal; Acyloin; Acylsilane; Acylsulfonamide ...

  5. Organic chemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_chemistry

    A functional group is a molecular module, and the reactivity of that functional group is assumed, within limits, to be the same in a variety of molecules. Functional groups can have a decisive influence on the chemical and physical properties of organic compounds. Molecules are classified based on their functional groups.

  6. Functionality (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functionality_(Chemistry)

    In chemistry, functionality is the presence of functional groups in a molecule. A monofunctional molecule possesses one functional group, a bifunctional (or difunctional) two, a trifunctional three, and so forth. In organic chemistry (and other fields of chemistry), a molecule's functionality has a decisive influence on its reactivity.

  7. List of carboxylic acids - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_carboxylic_acids

    Carboxylic acids are organic acids characterized by a carboxyl (-COOH) functional group. The naming of these compounds is governed by IUPAC nomenclature, which ensures systematic and consistent naming of chemicals. Numerous organic compounds have other common names, often originating in historical source material thereof.

  8. Substituent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substituent

    In organic chemistry, a substituent is one or a group of atoms that replaces (one or more) atoms, thereby becoming a moiety in the resultant (new) molecule. [1] ( In organic chemistry and biochemistry, the terms substituent and functional group, as well as side chain and pendant group, are used almost interchangeably to describe those branches from the parent structure, [2] though certain ...

  9. Locant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locant

    Organic molecules with more than one functional group can be a source of confusion. Generally the functional group responsible for the name or type of the molecule is the 'reference' group for purposes of carbon-atom naming. For example, the molecules nitrostyrene and phenethylamine are quite similar; the former can even be reduced into the latter.

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