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This allows for the detection of a pneumothorax with the absence of normal ‘lung-sliding’ and ‘comet-tail’ artifact (seen on the ultrasound screen). Compared with supine chest radiography , with CT or clinical course as the gold standard, bedside sonography has superior sensitivity (49–99% versus 27–75%), similar specificity (95 ...
Fitz-Hugh–Curtis syndrome occurs almost exclusively in women, though it can be seen in males rarely. [5] It is complication of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) caused by Chlamydia trachomatis (Chlamydia) or Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Gonorrhea) though other bacteria such as Bacteroides, Gardnerella, E. coli and Streptococcus have also been found to cause Fitz-Hugh–Curtis syndrome on occasion. [6]
Murphy's sign has a high sensitivity and negative predictive value, although the specificity is not high. [2] However, in the elderly the sensitivity is markedly lower; a negative Murphy's sign in an elderly person is not useful for ruling out cholecystitis if other tests and the clinical history suggest the diagnosis.
Abdominal pain (RUQ, radiates epigastric), nausea, vomiting, fever, Murphy's sign: Clinical (history and physical exam) Imaging (RUQ ultrasound) Labs (leukocytosis, transamintis, hyperbilirubinemia) Patient made NPO (nothing by mouth) IV fluids as needed General surgery consultation, possible cholecystectomy. Antibiotics Pain, nausea control
The reflected ultrasound is received by the probe, transformed into an electric impulse as voltage, and sent to the engine for signal processing and conversion to an image on the screen. The depth reached by the ultrasound beam is dependent on the frequency of the probe used. The higher the frequency, the lesser the depth reached. [9]
Right-upper quadrant ultrasound is adopted primarily for its high sensitivity and specificity in detecting gallstones and biliary damage. [4] Pancreatic abnormalities are assessed through computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) whereas liver biopsy is best-suited for intrahepatic diseases. [3] [8]
normal saline: NSA: no significant abnormality NSAID: nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug: NSBB: Non-selective beta blocker: NSCC: Non-squamous-cell carcinoma NSCLC: non–small cell lung carcinoma: NSD: normal spontaneous delivery (see childbirth) NSE: neurospecific enolase: NSIP: Non-specific interstitial pneumonia: NSR: normal sinus rhythm: NST
Abdominal ultrasound can be used to diagnose abnormalities in various internal organs, such as the kidneys, [1] liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen and abdominal aorta.If Doppler ultrasonography is added, the blood flow inside blood vessels can be evaluated as well (for example, to look for renal artery stenosis).