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Tellurium belongs to the chalcogen (group 16) family of elements on the periodic table, which also includes oxygen, sulfur, selenium and polonium: Tellurium and selenium compounds are similar. Tellurium exhibits the oxidation states −2, +2, +4 and +6, with +4 being most common.
A rare and highly radioactive metal (although sometimes classified as a metalloid) with no stable isotopes, polonium is a chalcogen and chemically similar to selenium and tellurium, though its metallic character resembles that of its horizontal neighbors in the periodic table: thallium, lead, and bismuth.
The telluride ion is the anion Te 2− and its derivatives. It is analogous to the other chalcogenide anions, the lighter O 2−, S 2−, and Se 2−, and the heavier Po 2−. [1]In principle, Te 2− is formed by the two-e − reduction of tellurium.
Tellurium is not known to have any allotropes, [25] although its typical form is hexagonal. Polonium has two allotropes, which are known as α-polonium and β-polonium. [26] α-polonium has a cubic crystal structure and converts to the rhombohedral β-polonium at 36 °C. [2] The chalcogens have varying crystal structures.
Tellurium compounds are compounds containing the element tellurium (Te). Tellurium belongs to the chalcogen (group 16) family of elements on the periodic table, which also includes oxygen, sulfur, selenium and polonium: Tellurium and selenium compounds are similar. Tellurium exhibits the oxidation states −2, +2, +4 and +6, with +4 being most ...
Tellurium forms a series of anionic tellurites and tellurates such as Na 2 TeO 3, Na 6 TeO 6, and Rb 6 Te 2 O 9 (the last containing tetrahedral TeO 2− 4 and trigonal bipyramidal TeO 4− 5 anions), [158] as well as Zintl phases such as NaTe 3. [159] Polonium is a radioactive, soft metal with a hardness similar to lead. [160]
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The chalcogens react with each other to form interchalcogen compounds. [1]Although no chalcogen is extremely electropositive, [note 1] nor quite as electronegative as the halogen fluorine (the most electronegative element), there is a large difference in electronegativity between the top (oxygen = 3.44 — the second most electronegative element after fluorine) and bottom (polonium = 2.0) of ...