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Shudra or Shoodra [1] (Sanskrit: Śūdra [2]) is one of the four varnas of the Hindu class and social system in ancient India. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Some sources translate it into English as a caste , [ 4 ] or as a social class.
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There was a continuous feud between the Shudra kings and the Brahmins in which the Brahmins were subjected to many tyrannies and indignities. As a result of the negligence towards the Shudras generated by their tyrannies and oppressions, the Brahmins refused to perform the Upanayana of the Shudras.
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In 1811, the physician Francis Buchanan-Hamilton classified the producer castes of Bihar and Patna - the Koeri, the Gwala, the Kurmi, the Sonar (goldsmith) and even the Kayasthas (a scribe caste) as "pure Shudra". However, due to the advancements in their level of education, the Kayastha community was first among them to challenge their Shudra ...
But the movement for change is not a struggle to end caste; it is to use caste as an instrument for social change. Caste is not disappearing, nor is "casteism" - the political use of caste — for what is emerging in India is a social and political system which institutionalizes and transforms but does not abolish caste. [39]
Sat-Sudra or High Born Sudra, also known as Pure Sudra, is a caste classification found in ancient Hindu texts and mentioned in several British Raj records. Sat-sudra is a classification used to describe high-caste groups who are originally Brahmins, Kshatriyas, or Vaishyas but do not follow their Vedic rites, hence becoming sudras in ritual rank.
Bandyopādhyāẏa, Śekhara; Chaudhury, Anasua Basu Ray (February 2014), "In Search of Space: The Scheduled Caste Movement in West Bengal after Partition" (PDF), Policies and Practices, 59 Bandyopādhyāẏa, Śekhara (2004), Caste, Culture and Hegemony: Social Dominance in Colonial Bengal , Sage Publications, ISBN 978-0-76199-849-5