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In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a process of fertilization in which an egg is combined with sperm in vitro ("in glass"). The process involves monitoring and stimulating a woman's ovulatory process , then removing an ovum or ova (egg or eggs) from her ovaries and enabling a man's sperm to fertilise them in a culture medium in a laboratory.
The history of in vitro fertilisation (IVF) goes back more than half a century. In 1959 the first birth in a nonhuman mammal resulting from IVF occurred, and in 1978 the world's first baby conceived by IVF was born. As medicine advanced, IVF was transformed from natural research to a stimulated clinical treatment.
On 10 November 1977, Lesley underwent the procedure that later became known as in vitro fertilisation (IVF), developed by Patrick Steptoe, Robert Edwards, and Jean Purdy. Although the media would refer to Brown as a "test tube baby", [2] her conception actually took place in a Petri dish. Purdy was the first to see Brown's embryonic cells ...
Assisted reproductive technology (ART) includes medical procedures used primarily to address infertility.This subject involves procedures such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), and cryopreservation of gametes and embryos, and the use of fertility medication.
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI / ˈ ɪ k s i / IK-see) is an in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedure in which a single sperm cell is injected directly into the cytoplasm of an egg. This technique is used in order to prepare the gametes for the obtention of embryos that may be transferred to a maternal uterus.
Most IVF centers will attempt IVF using the patient's own eggs until about age 43–45, [22] and clinically reproductive endocrinologists tend to pursue IVF more aggressively in women over 35. [ 15 ] Oocyte cryopreservation (egg freezing) is a procedure done to preserve eggs ( oocytes ) to have the eggs thawed, fertilized, and transferred to ...
The follicular fluid is delivered to a technician in the IVF laboratory to identify and quantify the ova. Once the ovarian follicles have been aspirated on one ovary, the needle is withdrawn and the procedure is repeated on the other ovary. It is not unusual to remove 20 oocytes as patients are generally hyperstimulated in
Reciprocal IVF differs from standard IVF in that two partners are involved: the eggs are taken from one partner, and the other partner carries the pregnancy. [1] In this way, the process is mechanically identical to IVF with egg donation. [2] [3] Reciprocal IVF offers the highest chance for pregnancy and a lower chance of a multiple births.