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  2. Carry (arithmetic) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carry_(arithmetic)

    The same carry bit is also generally used to indicate borrows in subtraction, though the bit's meaning is inverted due to the effects of two's complement arithmetic. Normally, a carry bit value of "1" signifies that an addition overflowed the ALU, and must be accounted for when adding data words of lengths greater than that of the CPU. For ...

  3. Rod calculus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rod_calculus

    The process of addition involves mechanically moving the rods without the need of memorising an addition table. This is the biggest difference with Arabic numerals, as one cannot mechanically put 1 and 2 together to form 3, or 2 and 3 together to form 5. The adjacent image presents the steps in adding 3748 to 289:

  4. Sum of normally distributed random variables - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sum_of_normally...

    This means that the sum of two independent normally distributed random variables is normal, with its mean being the sum of the two means, and its variance being the sum of the two variances (i.e., the square of the standard deviation is the sum of the squares of the standard deviations). [1]

  5. Double counting (proof technique) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_counting_(proof...

    Cayley's formula implies that there is 1 = 2 22 tree on two vertices, 3 = 3 3 − 2 trees on three vertices, and 16 = 4 4 − 2 trees on four vertices. Adding a directed edge to a rooted forest What is the number T n {\displaystyle T_{n}} of different trees that can be formed from a set of n {\displaystyle n} distinct vertices?

  6. Elliptic curve point multiplication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elliptic_curve_point...

    where f is the function for multiplying, P is the coordinate to multiply, d is the number of times to add the coordinate to itself. Example: 100P can be written as 2(2[P + 2(2[2(P + 2P)])]) and thus requires six point double operations and two point addition operations. 100P would be equal to f(P, 100).

  7. S-unit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-unit

    A variety of Diophantine equations are reducible in principle to some form of the S-unit equation: a notable example is Siegel's theorem on integral points on elliptic curves, and more generally superelliptic curves of the form y n = f(x). A computational solver for S-unit equation is available in the software SageMath. [2]

  8. Addition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Addition

    A number-line visualization of the algebraic addition 2 + 4 = 6. A "jump" that has a distance of 2 followed by another that is long as 4, is the same as a translation by 6. A number-line visualization of the unary addition 2 + 4 = 6. A translation by 4 is equivalent to four translations by 1.

  9. Arithmetic progression - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetic_progression

    This sum can be found quickly by taking the number n of terms being added (here 5), multiplying by the sum of the first and last number in the progression (here 2 + 14 = 16), and dividing by 2: (+) In the case above, this gives the equation: