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The electrospray ionization technique was first reported by Masamichi Yamashita and John Fenn in 1984, [3] and independently by Lidia Gall and co-workers in Soviet Union, also in 1984. [4] Gall's work was not recognised or translated in the western scientific literature until a translation was published in 2008. [4]
Desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) is an ambient ionization technique that can be coupled to mass spectrometry (MS) for chemical analysis of samples at atmospheric conditions. Coupled ionization sources-MS systems are popular in chemical analysis because the individual capabilities of various sources combined with different MS systems ...
A close-up of an electrospray device, with emitter tip in foreground pointing to the right. The jet of ionised spray is visible within the image. To simplify the discussion, the following paragraphs will address the case of a positive electrospray with the high voltage applied to a metallic emitter.
Ambient ionization techniques are attractive for many samples for their high tolerance to complex mixtures and for fast testing. EESI has been employed for the rapid characterization of living objects, [10] native proteins, [11] and metabolic biomarkers.
Secondary electrospray ionization mechanism diagram. In the early days of SESI, two ionization mechanisms were under debate.: the droplet-vapor interaction model postulates that vapors are adsorbed in the electrospray ionization (ESI) droplets, and then reemitted as the droplet shrinks, just as regular liquid phase analytes are produced in electrospray ionization; on the other hand, the ion ...
In mass spectrometry, direct analysis in real time (DART) is an ion source that produces electronically or vibronically excited-state species from gases such as helium, argon, or nitrogen that ionize atmospheric molecules or dopant molecules.
Electrospray ionization (ESI) is a technique that involves using high voltages to create an electrospray, or a fine aerosol created by the high voltages. [31] ESI sample preparation can be very important and the quality of results can be heavily determined by the characteristics of the sample. [32] ESI experiments can be run on-line or off-line.
The term laser electrospray mass spectrometry has been used to denote the use of a femtosecond laser for ablation. [29] [30] Laser ablation into an electrospray produces highly charged ions that are similar to those observed in direct electrospray. An alternative ionization approach following laser desorption is a plasma.