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Ezra was living in Babylon when in the seventh year of Artaxerxes I, the Achaemenid emperor (c. 457 BCE), the emperor sent him to Jerusalem to teach the laws of God to any who did not know them. The Book of Ezra describes how he led a group of Judean exiles living in Babylon to their home city of Jerusalem [21] where he is said to have enforced ...
Mosaic authorship is the Judeo-Christian tradition that the Torah, the first five books of the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament, were dictated by God to Moses. [1] The tradition probably began with the legalistic code of the Book of Deuteronomy and was then gradually extended until Moses, as the central character, came to be regarded not just as the mediator of law but as author of both laws and ...
The Book of Ezra is a book of the Hebrew Bible which formerly included the Book of Nehemiah in a single book, commonly distinguished in scholarship as Ezra–Nehemiah. The two became separated with the first printed rabbinic bibles of the early 16th century, following late medieval Latin Christian tradition. [ 1 ]
The Torah itself attributes certain sections to Mosaic authorship. [note 1] In later biblical texts, such as Daniel 9:11 and Ezra 3:2, it is called the "Torah of Moses". [8] According to Rabbinic tradition, the five books of the Torah were written by Moses, with the exception of the last eight verses of Deuteronomy which describe his death. [9]
Ezra was worthy of being the vehicle of the Torah, had it not been already given through Moses. [2] The Torah was forgotten, but Ezra restored it. [3] Were it not for its sins, Israel in the time of Ezra would have witnessed miracles as in the time of Joshua. [4] Ezra was the disciple of Baruch ben Neriah.
In the 19th century and for much of the 20th, it was believed that Chronicles and Ezra–Nehemiah came from the same author or circle of authors (similar to the traditional view which held Ezra to be the author of all three), but the usual view among modern scholars is that the differences between Chronicles and Ezra–Nehemiah are greater than the similarities, and that Ezra–Nehemiah itself ...
According to Jewish tradition, the Torah was recompiled by Ezra during Second Temple period. [45] [46] The Talmud says that Ezra changed the script used to write the Torah from the older Hebrew script to the "Assyrian" script, so called according to the Talmud, because they brought it with them from Assyria. [47]
Under Ezra, Torah reading became more frequent and the congregation themselves substituted for the King's role. According to one source, Ezra initiated the modern custom of reading thrice weekly in the synagogue. [2] This reading is an obligation incumbent on the congregation, not an individual, and did not replace the Hakhel reading by the king.