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Glomus tympanicum and Glomus jugulare, also known as jugulotympanic paraganglioma: Both commonly present as a middle ear mass resulting in tinnitus (in 80%) and hearing loss (in 60%). The cranial nerves of the jugular foramen may be compressed, resulting swallowing difficulty, or ipsilateral weakness of the upper trapezius and ...
Oncology. A glomus tumor (also known as a "solitary glomus tumor" [1]) is a rare neoplasm arising from the glomus body and mainly found under the nail, on the fingertip or in the foot. [2]: 670 They account for less than 2% of all soft tissue tumors. [3] The majority of glomus tumors are benign, but they can also show malignant features. [4]
A paraganglion (pl. paraganglia) is a group of non- neuronal cells derived of the neural crest. They are named for being generally in close proximity to sympathetic ganglia. They are essentially of two types: (1) chromaffin or sympathetic paraganglia made of chromaffin cells and (2) nonchromaffin or parasympathetic paraganglia made of glomus ...
The carotid body is a small cluster of peripheral chemoreceptor cells and supporting sustentacular cells situated at the bifurcation of each common carotid artery in its tunica externa. [1][2] The carotid body detects changes in the composition of arterial blood flowing through it, mainly the partial pressure of arterial oxygen, but also of ...
Ganglioneuroma. Ganglioneuroma (occasionally called a " ganglioma ") is a rare and benign tumor of the autonomic nerve fibers arising from neural crest sympathogonia (undifferentiated cells of the sympathetic nervous system). [1] However, ganglioneuromas themselves are fully differentiated neuronal tumors that do not contain immature elements. [2]
Structure. The aortic bodies are collections of chemoreceptors present on the aortic arch. [1] Most are located above the aortic arch, [2] while some are located on the posterior side of the aortic arch between it and the pulmonary artery below. [3] They consist of glomus cells and sustentacular cells.
Glomus cells are the cell type mainly located in the carotid bodies and aortic bodies. Glomus type I cells are peripheral chemoreceptors which sense the oxygen, carbon dioxide and pH levels of the blood. When there is a decrease in the blood's pH, a decrease in oxygen (pO 2), or an increase in carbon dioxide (pCO 2), the carotid bodies and the ...
A gangliocytic paraganglioma is a rare tumour that is typically found in the duodenum and consists of three components: (1) ganglion cells, (2) epithelioid cells ( paraganglioma -like) and, (3) spindle cells ( schwannoma -like). [1]