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This procedure is usually done for patients with esophageal cancer. It is normally done when esophageal cancer is detected early, before it has spread to other parts of the body. Esophagectomy of early-stage cancer represents the best chance of a cure. Despite significant improvements in technique and postoperative care, the long-term survival ...
Achalasia (i.e. lack of the involuntary reflex in the esophagus after swallowing) appears to be a risk factor for both main types of esophageal cancer, at least in men, due to stagnation of trapped food and drink. [37] Plummer–Vinson syndrome (a rare disease that involves esophageal webs) is also a risk factor. [2]
The strip biopsy method for endoscopic mucosal resection of esophageal cancer is performed with a double-channel endoscope equipped with grasping forceps and snare. After marking the lesion border with an electric coagulator, saline is injected into the submucosa below the lesion to separate the lesion from the muscle layer and to force its ...
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Removal of foreign bodies (e.g., food) that have been ingested; Tamponade of bleeding esophageal varices with a balloon; Application of photodynamic therapy for treatment of esophageal malignancies; Endoscopic drainage of pancreatic pseudocyst; Tightening the lower esophageal sphincter; Dilating or stenting of stenosis or achalasia
Barrett's esophagus is a condition in which there is an abnormal (metaplastic) change in the mucosal cells lining the lower portion of the esophagus, from stratified squamous epithelium to simple columnar epithelium with interspersed goblet cells that are normally present only in the small intestine and large intestine.
A condition in which the lining of the esophagus changes to look more like the lining of the intestine and increases the risk of developing esophageal cancer. [22] There are no specific symptoms although symptoms of GERD may be present for years prior as it is associated with a 10–15% risk of Barrett's esophagus. [22]
A Type I tumor, located between 5 and 1cm proximal to the OGJ, is an adenocarcinoma that typically arises from an area of intestinal metaplasia of the esophagus and can infiltrate the OGJ from above. A Type II tumor, located between 1cm proximal and 2cm distal to the OGJ, is a true adenocarcinoma of the gastric cardia.