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The controversy led to the secession of part of West Florida, known as the "Republic of West Florida", from Spanish control in 1810, and its subsequent annexation by the United States. In 1819 the United States and Spain negotiated the Adams–Onís Treaty , in which the United States purchased the remainder of Florida from Spain.
The area known as West Florida was originally claimed by Spain as part of La Florida, which included most of what is now the southeastern United States.Spain made several attempts to conquer and colonize the area, notably including Tristán de Luna's short-lived settlement in 1559, but it was not settled permanently until the 17th century, with the establishment of missions to the Apalachee.
The Republic of West Florida (Spanish: República de Florida Occidental, French: République de Floride occidentale), officially the State of Florida, was a short-lived republic in the western region of Spanish West Florida for just over 2 + 1 ⁄ 2 months during 1810.
"MAP TO ILLUSTRATE THE ACQUISITION OF WEST FLORIDA" from Isaac Joplin Cox's The West Florida Controversy, 1798–1813: a Study In American Diplomacy (1918) I. Territory added to the original jurisdiction of West Florida by Great Britain in 1767; in dispute between Spain and the United States, 1783–1795; relinquished by Spain in the Treaty of ...
On the morning of September 23, 1810, an armed group led by Philemon Thomas successfully captured Fort San Carlos in Baton Rouge, imprisoned de Lassus, and declared an independent Republic of West Florida. [11] [12] Spanish officials blamed de Lassus for the loss of the Florida Parishes, holding a tribunal in Havana in June 1812.
The district was bounded on the north by the 31st parallel, on the south by the Gulf of Mexico, on the east by the Perdido River, and on the west by the Pearl River. In 1810 the United States, citing the Mobile Act of 1804, justified its annexation of the Baton Rouge District, which had been under the control of the unrecognized Republic of ...
The southern boundary of the United States with the Spanish colonies of East Florida and West Florida was established as a line beginning on the Mississippi River at the 31st parallel north, the 1763 line, drawn due east to the middle of the Chattahoochee River, then downstream along the middle of the river to the junction with the Flint River, then due east to the headwaters of the St. Marys ...
Spain would also lose Florida to the United States during this decade. First, in 1810, the Republic of West Florida declared its independence from Spain, and was quickly annexed by the United States. Later, in 1818, the United States invaded Florida, resulting in the Adams-Onís Treaty, wherein Spain ceded the rest of Florida to the United States.