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Throughput is usually measured in bits per second (bit/s, sometimes abbreviated bps), and sometimes in packets per second (p/s or pps) or data packets per time slot. The system throughput or aggregate throughput is the sum of the data rates that are delivered over all channels in a network. [1]
Reasons for measuring throughput in networks. People are often concerned about measuring the maximum data throughput in bits per second of a communications link or network access. A typical method of performing a measurement is to transfer a 'large' file from one system to another system and measure the time required to complete the transfer or ...
The packet transmission time in seconds can be obtained from the packet size in bit and the bit rate in bit/s as: Packet transmission time = Packet size / Bit rate. Example: Assuming 100 Mbit/s Ethernet, and the maximum packet size of 1526 bytes, results in Maximum packet transmission time = 1526×8 bit / (100 × 10 6 bit/s) ≈ 122 μs
Using Little's Law, one can calculate throughput with the equation: = where: I is the number of units contained within the system, inventory; T is the time it takes for all the inventory to go through the process, flow time; R is the rate at which the process is delivering throughput, flow rate or throughput.
Throughput is controlled by available bandwidth, as well as the available signal-to-noise ratio and hardware limitations. Throughput for the purpose of this article will be understood to be measured from the arrival of the first bit of data at the receiver, to decouple the concept of throughput from the concept of latency.
Throughput of an architecture is the execution rate of a task: = = =, where ρ is the execution density (e.g., the number of stages in an instruction pipeline for a pipelined architecture); A is the execution capacity (e.g., the number of processors for a parallel architecture).
The effective transmission rate is calculated as (a) the measured number of units of data, such as bits, characters, blocks, or frames, transmitted during a significant measurement time interval divided by (b) the measurement time interval.
The goodput is a ratio between delivered amount of information, and the total delivery time. This delivery time includes: Inter-packet time gaps caused by packet generation processing time (a source that does not use the full network capacity), or by protocol timing (for example collision avoidance)