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Major groups of parasites include protozoans (organisms having only one cell) and parasitic worms (helminths). Of these, protozoans, including cryptosporidium, microsporidia, and isospora, are most common in HIV-infected persons. Each of these parasites can infect the digestive tract, and sometimes two or more can cause infection at the same time.
Helminthiasis, also known as worm infection, is any macroparasitic disease of humans and other animals in which a part of the body is infected with parasitic worms, known as helminths. There are numerous species of these parasites , which are broadly classified into tapeworms , flukes , and roundworms .
Azithromycin is an alternative in children [30] and pregnant women with scrub typhus, [31] [32] [33] and when doxycycline resistance is suspected. [34] Ciprofloxacin cannot be used safely in pregnancy and is associated with stillbirths and miscarriage. [33] [35] Combination therapy with doxycycline and rifampicin is not recommended due to ...
Pinworm infection (threadworm infection in the UK), also known as enterobiasis, is a human parasitic disease caused by the pinworm, Enterobius vermicularis. [3] The most common symptom is pruritus ani, or itching in the anal area. [1] The period of time from swallowing eggs to the appearance of new eggs around the anus is 4 to 8 weeks. [2]
The pinworm has a worldwide distribution, [25] and is the cause of the most common helminthiasis (parasitic worm infection) in the United States, western Europe, and Oceania. [21] In the United States, a study by the Center of Disease Control reported an overall incidence rate of 11.4% among children. [21]
The manifestation of a schistosomal infection varies over time as the larval form of the parasite cercariae and later adult worms and their eggs migrate through the body. [16] If eggs migrate to the brain or spinal cord, seizures, paralysis, or spinal cord inflammation are possible.
Many of the worms referred to as helminths are intestinal parasites. An infection by a helminth is known as helminthiasis, helminth infection, or intestinal worm infection. There is a naming convention which applies to all helminths: the ending "-asis" (or in veterinary science: "-osis") is added at the end of the name of the worm to denote the ...
As the infection continues and the larvae mature, there may be respiratory symptoms (Löffler's syndrome). The infection may then become chronic with mainly digestive symptoms. There may be respiratory, skin, and digestive symptoms of reinfection (when larvae migrate through the body) from the skin to the lungs and finally to the small intestine.