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The earliest clear evidence of the domestication of einkorn dates from 10,600 to 9,900 years before present (8650 BCE to 7950 BCE) from Çayönü and Cafer Höyük, two Early Pre-Pottery Neolithic B archaeological sites in southern Turkey. [3] Remnants of einkorn were found with the iceman mummy Ötzi, dated the late 4th millennium BCE. [4]
Wild einkorn was collected at Epipalaeolithic sites such as Tell Abu Hureyra (c. 12,700–11,000 years ago) and Mureybet (c. 11,800–11,300 years ago), but the earliest archaeological evidence for the domestic form comes from the early Pre-Pottery Neolithic B of southern Turkey, at Çayönü, Cafer Höyük, and possibly Nevalı Çori. [14]
Nevalı Çori (Turkish: Nevali Çori, Kurdish: Newala Çorî [1] [2] [3]) was an early Neolithic settlement on the middle Euphrates, in Şanlıurfa Province, Southeastern Anatolia, Turkey. The site is known for having some of the world's oldest known temples and monumental sculpture .
Einkorn was then replaced by common wheat (Triticum aestivum L., 2n = 6x = 42) and durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf., 2n = 4x = 28), due to their higher yield and free-threshing properties. Today, einkorn is only cultivated on a small area in southern Europe and Turkey, mostly under low-input and/or organic farming systems.
Göbekli Tepe (Turkish: [ɟœbecˈli teˈpe], [2] ' Potbelly Hill '; [3] Kurdish: Girê Mirazan or Xerabreşkê, 'Wish Hill' [4]) is a Neolithic archaeological site in Turkey, on the southern border of Southeastern Anatolia. The settlement was inhabited from around 9500 BCE to at least 8000 BCE, [5] during the Pre-Pottery Neolithic.
6500 BC – Evidence of cattle domestication in Turkey. [2] Some sources say this happened earlier in other parts of the world. 6001 BC – Archaeological evidence from various sites on the Iberian Peninsula suggest the domestication of plants and animals. 6000 BC – Granary built in Mehrgarh for storage of excess food.
Çayönü Tepesi is a Neolithic settlement in southeastern Turkey which prospered from circa 8,630 to 6,800 BC. [1] It is located in Diyarbakır Province forty kilometres north-west of Diyarbakır, at the foot of the Taurus mountains. It lies near the Boğazçay, a tributary of the upper Tigris River and the Bestakot, an intermittent stream.
Emmer had a special place in ancient Egypt, where it was the main wheat cultivated in Pharaonic times, although cultivated einkorn wheat was grown in great abundance during the Third Dynasty, and large quantities of it were found preserved, along with cultivated emmer wheat and barleys, in the subterranean chambers beneath the Step Pyramid at ...