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Name of straight chain Synonyms 1 1 1 CH 4: methane: methyl hydride; natural gas 2 1 1 C 2 H 6: ethane: dimethyl; ethyl hydride; methyl methane 3 1 1 C 3 H 8: propane: dimethyl methane; propyl hydride 4 2 2 C 4 H 10: n-butane: butyl hydride; methylethyl methane 5 3 3 C 5 H 12: n-pentane: amyl hydride; Skellysolve A 6 5 5 C 6 H 14: n-hexane
Solubility in water and melting point of the α,ω- compounds progress in a series as the carbon chains become longer with alternating between odd and even numbers of carbon atoms, so that for even numbers of carbon atoms the melting point is higher than for the next in the series with an odd number. [26]
C 12 H 24 O 12: lactose monohydrate: 64044-51-5 C 12 H 25 N: cyclododecylamine: 1502-03-0 C 12 H 25 NO: dodecanamide: 1120-16-7 C 12 H 26: dodecane: 112-40-3 C 12 H 26 O: butyl octyl ether: 53839-23-9 C 12 H 26 O 3: hydroxycitronellal dimethyl acetal: 141-92-4 C 12 H 26 O 5: tetrapropylene glycol: 30242-05-8 C 12 H 26 O 5: tetrapropylene glycol ...
These longer chain acids tend to be soluble in less-polar solvents such as ethers and alcohols. [3] Aqueous sodium hydroxide and carboxylic acids, even hydrophobic ones, react to yield water-soluble sodium salts. For example, enanthic acid has a low solubility in water (0.2 g/L), but its sodium salt is very soluble in water.
With their repeated – CH 2 units, the alkanes constitute a homologous series of organic compounds in which the members differ in molecular mass by multiples of 14.03 u (the total mass of each such methylene-bridge unit, which comprises a single carbon atom of mass 12.01 u and two hydrogen atoms of mass ~1.01 u each).
Gluconic acid is typically produced by the aerobic oxidation of glucose in the presence of the enzyme glucose oxidase. The conversion produces gluconolactone and hydrogen peroxide. The lactone spontaneously hydrolyzes to gluconic acid in water. [3] C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 → C 6 H 10 O 6 + H 2 O 2 C 6 H 10 O 6 + H 2 O → C 6 H 12 O 7
The systematic IUPAC name is not always the preferred IUPAC name, for example, lactic acid is a common, and also the preferred, name for what systematic rules call 2-hydroxypropanoic acid. This list is ordered by the number of carbon atoms in a carboxylic acid.
An open-chain compound having no side groups is called a straight-chain compound (also spelled as straight chain compound). [2] [3] Many of the simple molecules of organic chemistry, such as the alkanes and alkenes, have both linear and ring isomers, that is, both acyclic and cyclic. For those with 4 or more carbons, the linear forms can have ...